Design And Experimental Research On Automatic Core-removing Mechanical System Of Fresh Lotus Seed

The inefficiency of manual de-hearting of fresh lotus seeds has become a bottleneck restricting the large-scale development of my country’s lotus seed industry.In order to improve the production efficiency of fresh lotus seed cores and realize the technological upgrading of traditional industries,this paper proposes an automatic core removal technology that uses compressed air to extrude lotus.The article first introduces the principle of core removal processing of fresh lotus seeds,and then addresses the four key issues in the core removal technology,namely: the method of using compressed air to extrude the lotus core,the rolling and straightening process parameters of the fresh lotus seeds,and the core removal needle according to the size of the lotus seed.The method of dynamic centering and the continuous feeding technology of single fresh lotus seeds are studied.The three-dimensional modeling of the principle prototype was established,the prototype was completed,and related performance tests were carried out.The main research contents are as follows:(1)Research on the method of air squeezing out lotus heart from fresh lotus seeds.Taking Xianglian as a sample,the geometric parameters of lotus seed and lotus heart were measured.Established the air extrusion mechanics model,and obtained the relevant factors that affect the coring effect;Carried out the principle test of the air extrusion coring,which verified the feasibility of the coring method and reached the optimal coring air pressure parameter.The test shows that the coring effect is when the diameter of the coring punch is3 mm and the air pressure is 0.7MPa.optimal.(2)Research on the technical parameters of rolling and straightening of fresh lotus seeds.The physical parameters between the fresh lotus seeds and the materials of the rollers were tested,and the EDEM software was used to simulate and analyze the alignment process of the lotus seeds.The influence of the diameter,speed and material of the roller on the alignment efficiency of the lotus seeds was obtained.Based on the rolling centering test platform,the rolling-squared verification test was carried out,and the influence laws of each process were measured,which were basically consistent with the simulation results,and the optimal process parameters of the rolling-squared were determined.When the roller diameter is 31 mm,the material is polyurethane,and the rotation speed is 70 r/min,the efficiency and effect of the fresh lotus seed straightening are the best.(3)Design and optimization of the follow-up centering mechanism for fresh lotus seeds.Aiming at the positioning error caused by the different diameters of the fresh lotus seeds,a follow-up centering mechanism is proposed,which can ensure that the centering is aimed at the axis of the quasi-fresh lotus seeds without being affected by the size of the lotus seeds.The mathematical model of the follow-up centering mechanism is established,and the optimal combination of the linkage length and position parameters of the mechanism is obtained using the firefly optimization algorithm,so that the maximum centering error is0.021 mm.(4)Research on the continuous feeding technology of single fresh lotus seeds.A single feeding method of fresh lotus seeds is proposed,which combines the linear feeding vibrator and the intermittent motion of the roller chain.The posture of the fresh lotus seeds when they fall into the chain from the feeding tube is analyzed,the corresponding mechanical model is established,and the optimal height between the feeding tube and the roller is calculated.(5)Prototype production and testing.Established the three-dimensional model of the principle prototype using NX10.0 software,completed the trial production of the prototype,carried out a batch of fresh lotus seed coring test,tested the processing efficiency of the prototype,heart rate,lotus heart integrity rate,lotus kernel damage rate and other processing indicators.The results showed that the heart rate was 95.4%,the breakage rate was 1.4%,the integrity rate of lotus heart was 88.6%,and the processing efficiency reached 32.7 kg/h.All the indicators met the market’s requirements for fresh lotus seed coring processing.At present,the fresh lotus seed de-hearting technology has completed the transformation of results and realized mass production.