Research On Heat Dissipation Technology Of Functional Parts Of Machine Tool

The functional parts of the machine tool are essential to maintain the normal operation of the machine tool.If the heat cannot be dissipated,the thermal deformation caused by the heat generated by these functional parts will have an important impact on the accuracy of the machine tool.Therefore,effective heat dissipation method is particularly important.The heat pipe takes away the heat through the medium phase change heat transfer,which has the characteristics of high heat conduction and rapid temperature equalization.In this paper,the heat pipe is applied to the ball screw of machine tool.The structure design and heat dissipation performance of the ball screw of heat pipe are studied theoretically and experimentally.Based on the topological optimization technology of fluid heat transfer structure,the structure of the radiator for the cooling of the electric spindle is optimized to achieve high-efficiency heat conduction,and its heat dissipation and temperature sharing performance are analyzed.Based on the heat transfer design of the heat pipe,the heat transfer parameters of the ball screw are calculated and analyzed,and the structure of the ball screw is designed.The layered equivalent simulation model of ball screw in heat pipe is established.According to the characteristics of multi heat source phase change heat transfer in the heat pipe,the layered design is carried out.The fluid heat transfer in the condensation return layer is equivalent to the heat transfer in porous media.Through the finite element simulation,the heat pipe ball screw and the traditional liquid cooling screw are designed and compared under the same working condition.The numerical simulation results show that the heat pipe ball screw has good heat dissipation performance,such as low surface temperature,small maximum temperature rising and small temperature fluctuation,compared with the liquid cooling ball screw.Furthermore,the preparation method of the ball screw of the heat pipe and the implementation scheme of the heat dissipation platform of the ball screw are studied.The relevant components are selected and the ball screw of the heat pipe is prepared by the evaporation and exhaust method.The experimental platform is built,and the experimental data under specific working conditions are obtained through the experiment,which is compared with the simulation results.It is found that the temperature distribution on the surface of the ball screw is approximately the same by experiment and simulation.The validity of applying heat pipe to heat dissipation of the ball screw and the reliability of the equivalent model simulation method are verified.Based on the topological optimization method of fluid heat transfer structure,the radiator for cooling high-speed motorized spindle is designed.According to the actual engineering requirements,the branch vein structure radiator is obtained by the bending combination construction method.A thermodynamic model of branch vein radiator is established.Considering the heat transfer characteristics of fluid,the heat transfer performance of radiator is studied by numerical simulation.Compared with the traditional spiral groove radiator in temperature uniformity and temperature rise performance,the overall temperature rise of the branch vein radiator is lower than the traditional spiral groove radiator,and has better surface temperature distribution uniformity,which provides technical support for the cooling design of high-speed electric spindle.