| Perilla protein powder is rich in nutrition and reasonable in amino acid composition,so it is an ideal nutritious and healthy food.Perilla seed oil after the cake contains 40%-50%protein,about 20% fatty acid.The residual oil in Perilla meal severely limited the application range of Perilla protein powder,greatly shortened the storage period of Perilla protein powder,and became the bottleneck restricting the production of Perilla protein powder.This topic in Perilla pulp as raw material,based on the optimization of ethanol extraction oil residue process,study of degreasing Perilla protein powder microwave sterilization technology,further comparative analysis of the nutrition composition of protein powder before and after sterilization,the amino acid composition,provide technical support for comprehensive exploitation and utilization of Perilla resources,has the strong practical guiding significance.The main results are as follows:(1)The oil and fat of shelled Perilla cake was extracted by using 95% ethanol solution.On the basis of single factor experiment,the optimal extraction conditions were optimized by orthogonal design experiment: extraction temperature 75?,liquid solid ratio 3.50:1,extraction time 2.5h,5 times.Under these conditions,the extraction rate of residual oil in meal was 96.04%,the residual oil rate in meal was reduced from 12.84% to 0.51%,and the protein content was 57.90%.On the basis of laboratory test,100 L large-scale pilot test was carried out.Under the conditions of extraction temperature 70?-75?,liquid to solid ratio3:1,extraction twice and time 3h,the residual oil rate of cake was reduced to 1.33%,which could meet the production requirements.(2)The physical and chemical properties,fatty acid composition,bioactive components and antioxidant activities of Perilla seed oil extracted by different methods were compared and analyzed.The results showed that saponification value of oil extracted by petroleum ether was higher than that of pressed oil.The oleic acid value and peroxide value of oil extracted by petroleum ether were the highest,and the iodine value had no significant difference.Gas chromatographic analysis showed that the unsaturated fatty acids and linolenic acid contents of low-temperature pressed oil were the highest,while the polyphenols and total flavonoids contents of ethanol extracted oil were the highest.The results of DPPH free radical scavenging activity and iron ion reducing ability showed that ethanol extracted oil had the strongest antioxidant capacity.By comprehensive comparison,the quality of oil extracted from low temperature press and ethanol is relatively better,while the quality of oil extracted from petroleum ether is poor.(3)Perilla protein powder before and after degreasing was sterilized by microwave,respectively.Under the microwave power of 900 W,treatment capacity of 20 g,area of action ?×4.5~2cm~2 and microwave time of 3min,the total number of bacteria decreased to 9.3×10~4cfu.g-1.After sterilization,the total number of colonies was qualified,the moisture content of perillella protein powder decreased,the crude protein,crude fat and ash content had no significant difference,and the smell was friendly,and the color did not change before and after sterilization,reaching the qualified product standard. |
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