Research On Acoustic Emission Signal Acquisition System Based On FPGA-PCIE

With the wide application of metal structural parts in various fields,how to grasp the health status and fatigue damage of metal structural parts in real time is becoming more and more critical.The facility can operate reliably and stably for a long time,which is inseparable from the real-time monitoring of the health status of the detection equipment.As a nondestructive testing technology commonly used in the health testing of metal structural parts,acoustic emission detection can be carried out dynamic detection of important parts,detecting the location,size,shape and type of defects of materials and components and equipment,and data acquisition in acoustic emission detection is an important part of the entire system.This Based on the needs of acoustic emission detection of metal structural parts,this paper designs an acoustic emission data acquisition system based on FPGA-PCIE by comparing the research status of acoustic emission data acquisition systems at home and abroad.The system is composed of five parts: signal conditioning module,AD conversion module,FPGA control module,PCIE transmission module,and host computer software.This paper sets the FPGA as the core of the control and data processing of the whole system,in which the AD conversion module converts the data collected by the AE sensor,and the FPGA caches and processes the converted data,and sends a signal to the upper bit computer to achieve high-speed data transmission through the PCIE interface.The overall design scheme of the acoustic transmission signal acquisition system is divided into two parts:hardware design and software design.In terms of hardware,through the selection of the devices required for each module,the analysis of the principles of each module,and the PCB design and production of the configuration circuit of each module,the software aspect has the design program of the FPGA logic and the simulation design of the FPGA runtime,and the function required for the host computer is written with Lab VIEW.Finally,by building a test platform,completing the joint debugging of software and hardware,using the function signal generator to generate a standard sinusoidal signal to calibrate the entire data acquisition system,and then using the 08 AL aluminum plate for the acquisition and data processing of the standard lead-breaking acoustic emission signal,the function of the system was verified.Through experiments,it can be verified that the acoustic transmission signal acquisition system designed in this paper can collect and process the data of the dual-channel signal under the condition of sampling resolution of 16 bits,and the maximum sampling rate reaches 2.457 MSPS,and the sampled waveform data and characteristic parameters can be stored in real time,which meets the needs of high-speed stable data acquisition in industrial control.