Research On Risk Assessment And Emergency Material Reserve Location Selection For Hazardous Chemical Accidents

In recent years,there have been frequent occurrences of dangerous chemical accidents,which have caused very serious threats to people’s lives.How to better prevent and deal with emergencies,and improve the capacity of emergency reserve resources,and ensure the supply of materials for emergencies are urgent issues that need to be resolved.The study on how to select the location of the emergency material reserve before the emergence of an emergency belongs to the early stage of prevention.This has an important impact on the entire process of emergency rescue.Therefore,this thesis combines qualitative analysis and quantitative calculation,and considers from multiple angles to study the location of emergency material storage warehouse under multi-level coverage.This thesis first analyzes the background and significance of the hazardous chemicals emergency management and summarize the research status of hazardous chemicals accident risk assessment and emergency material storage site selection.Then,it introduces the relevant theoretical basis for the location of emergency facilities.By comparing common location models and solving algorithms,the advantages and disadvantages of different methods were systematically introduced.Secondly,before considering the issue of location selection of the emergency material reserve,the risk of the emergency material demand point should be considered by multi-angle,which can respond quickly at the first time of the accident and reduce unnecessary loss.It is found that the risk analysis of chemical accidents mostly uses quantitative risk analysis methods for calculation.The probability of accidents is multiplied by the consequences of accidents to measure.However,because chemical accidents are emergencies,it is difficult to calculate the probability of chemical accidents through experimental simulation.Therefore,this thesis combines the quantitative risk method with the consequence-based risk assessment method.In order to analyze the risk of accidents,this thesis takes the loss of accident consequence as the main evaluation object,and takes the exposed population in the accident casualty radius as the risk cost of the enterprise accident.Finally,this thesis proposes an emergency model for joint rescue by the government and enterprises.the government provides the first-level material reserve,and the enterprise provides the second-level material reserve.On this basis,a multi-level emergency material reserve site selection model including dual-objective risk of emergency material demand points and construction cost of emergency material reserve warehouse is constructed.Comparing the different solving methods of multi-objective function,it is found that the NSGA-Ⅱ algorithm can better retain the optimal solution,so this algorithm is used to solve the model.This guarantees the accuracy of understanding to a certain extent.And taking the hazardous chemical accident in Panjin as the research object,the risk coefficient of each demand point is determined according to the scale of the hazard,weather conditions and population distribution.Furthermore,a multi-level coverage location model was constructed and solved,and a corresponding multi-level emergency material storage location selection scheme was proposed.Therefore,the utilization rate of emergency resources is improved,and the situation that a single emergency material reserve point cannot meet the material needs is avoided.