Design And Implementation Of Air Quaity Detection System Based On Uav

With the development of industrialization and the change of ecological environment,air pollution has become a serious problem that all countries must face.It is also an important technical problem to carry out three-dimensional and large-scale detection of air pollution degree indicators.At present,the air quality detection methods used at home and abroad are mainly as follows: portable manual detection method,fixed point base station detection method,vehicle type mobile detection method.However,the above detection methods are not flexible enough,and the planning of detection points is more complex,which will cost a lot of manpower and material resources,and can not achieve real-time detection of various regions.At present,there are few CPU peripherals used in air quality detection instruments at home and abroad,complex functions cannot be realized,real-time performance is poor,memory is small,and can not be added to the operating system.In order to solve these problems,a new type of remote wireless air quality detection system is urgently needed.Based on the advantages of UAV,such as rapid response,efficient mobility,wide coverage area and not limited by traffic conditions,combined with embedded technology,an air quality detection system mounted on UAV is designed,which can not only reduce the cost of air quality detection,but also master the distribution characteristics of air pollutants from the three-dimensional space,and make the system has the advantages of fast data acquisition,good real-time performance and high reliability.The research of this project is of great significance to the distribution characteristics of air pollutants and its real-time detection,as well as the large-scale detection of air quality in three-dimensional space.This paper first introduces the background and significance of air quality detection field,studies the status quo of air quality detection and transmission system,analyzes the shortcomings of existing air quality detection systems at home and abroad and the development trend of air quality detection systems,and develops an air quality detection system with arm as the main control chip.The system can not only carry out multi-channel air quality detection,but also carry out stable remote data transmission through cloud platform.The system not only has a fast transmission speed,but also can ensure the wireless equipment to be on-line permanently when the system is running.In terms of hardware design,the whole system is divided into two parts.The first part is the acquisition terminal mounted on UAV,and the second part is the receiver of ground base station.The main functions of the system acquisition end are multi-channel data acquisition and data processing for nitrogen dioxide,ammonia,sulfide,benzene vapor,smoke concentration,GPS and other parameters,and realize the remote wireless transmission of data.In addition to displaying and storing data,the receiving end of the ground base station has reserved serial port,network port and USB port to facilitate thedevelopment of other functions of the system.The software design is divided into the following parts.Firstly,the FreeRTOS operating system is transplanted on the basis of the original ARM kernel library functions.The operating system has strong task scheduling and system resource optimization allocation functions,which effectively improves the data collection and transmission efficiency.Secondly,based on the analysis of the existing operating system task scheduling algorithm,a new method is proposed The algorithm is based on the first algorithm of the earliest deadline.The software implementation of STM32 multi-channel data acquisition is further studied.The temperature compensation and antipulse average filtering are used to reduce the data error and effectively suppress the random interference.At the same time,the design also carries the cloud platform on the cloud server,on which a data transparent transmission group is established,and the data of the transmitter and receiver of the M750 wireless device are connected to the cloud platform with the help of the USB2.0 interface of the CPU.Finally,the system also designs the upper computer software,which is convenient to view and analyze the data of the system.Through the combination of hardware and software,this design realizes the functions of multi-channel data acquisition,sensor conditioning circuit debugging,cloud platform data transmission and so on.The air quality detection system based on UAV developed in this project can collect the parameters of nitrogen dioxide,ammonia,sulfide,benzene vapor and smoke in the air.The STM32F407 chip combined with FreeRTOS operating system can improve the program running speed.The selected M750 wireless device supports 4G network and has fast transmission rate,which can meet the actual needs.The research and development of this system can provide effective data support for the study of the distribution characteristics of air pollutants,and the source and remediation scheme of air pollution.The research of this subject has strong practical application value and broad application for the distribution characteristics and real-time detection of air pollutants,as well as the large-scale detection of air quality in three-dimensional space and the protection of human health Prospects.