| Ecological space refers to the geographical scope whose main goal is to provide ecosystem services.Maintaining ecological space is the basis for coordinating protection and development and ensuring the continuous supply of ecological services.In recent years,with the continuous improvement of human society’s control over the natural ecosystem,the ecological space has been continuously destroyed and a series of ecological and environmental problems have been triggered.A reasonable and scientific evaluation of the ecological space habitat quality has important guiding signif icance for the balance between the sustainable use of regional natural resources and sustainable economic development,and can provide a scientific reference for the planning and management of relevant departments.Chongqing is located in the transition zo ne between the Sichuan Basin and the plains of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.It is the junction of China’s economically developed eastern region and resource-rich western regions.The development of industry and economy has made it possible to clarify the status quo of the ecological environment,establish ecological protection and construction direction for C hongqing Urban land and space planning and renovation,regional natural resources and ecological environment protection are of great significance.Therefore,this paper takes Chongqing’s ecological red line and nature reserves as the ecological space scope,and uses land use status data,Landsat series satellite remote sensing image data,DEM elevation data,NDVI data,NPP data and other data as the data basis,from the landscape pattern indicators,Ecosystem service indicators and habitat status indicators are selected from the three indicators of patch density index,aggregation index,spread index,Shannon uniformity index,water conservation service,soil conservation service,carbon sequestration service,net primary productivity service,and vegetation A total of 12 factors including coverage,biodiversity,habitat degradation index,and habitat quality index are attached with weights to establish a comprehensive ecological space habitat quality evaluation system in C hongqing to evaluate the ecological space habitat quality in C hongqing and analyze its pixel scale Based on the value of,and its temporal and spatial changes,the habitat quality of each district and county in C hongqing is scored and graded at the district/county scale,and the ecological space and its habitat quality control and optimization suggestions are put forward.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The ecological space of Chongqing City is distributed to a certain extent in 38districts and Wansheng Economic Development Zone,and the proportion of the area is quite different.The ecological space area of Chengkou County,Wushan County and Wuxi County accounts for more than 50%of its own administrative area,while the ecological space area of Fuling District,Hechuan District,Rongchang District,and Yuzhong District only accounts for less than 10%of its administrative area.Wuxi County has the largest ecological space distribution area,with an area of 2100.48km~2,accounting for 8.84%of the total ecological space area;Yuzhong District has the least ecological space distribution area,only 0.25km~2.(2)At the level of landscape pattern indicators,the patch density of ecological space in Chongqing is above 70 in each year,and it is continuously increasing,indicating that the degree of fragmentation of each cover type is relatively small.The aggregation index is above 74 in each year,indicating that the patches of various land cover types are relatively concentrated,but show a continuous downward trend.It is necessary to guard against the risk of patch fragmentation.The value of the contagion index is low,with a multi-year average value of only 11.2,but it is showing an upward trend year by year.The Shannon Uniformity Index has a multi-year average value of0.22,showing a continuous growth trend.(3)At the level of ecosystem service indicators,the annual average value of water conservation services in C hongqing’s ecological space is continuously increasing.The average value in 2020 has increased by 23.01%compared with 2000.However,there has been a decline in water conservation services in eac h adjacent year since 2005.The average value of soil conservation services in 2020 has increased by 27.04%compared to 2000,but in the past five years,there has been a slight or significant decline in regional concentration.The average value of carbon sequestration services in 2020 has increased by 0.45%compared to 2000,and the trend of significant growth from 2015 to2020 has been significantly improved,indicating that the carbon sequestration service capacity has a better changing trend.The average value of net primary productivity in2020 has increased by 18.02%compared to 2000,and the total area of the growth area has reached 76.75%,which is a significant increase.However,the net primary productivity has also degraded to a certain extent in the past five years.(4)At the level of habitat status indicators,Chongqing’s ecological space biodiversity value is relatively high.The difference table in the past 20 years has clearly shown that the growth area accounts for the largest proportion,reaching 60.94%.However,the biological diversity in Chengkou County,Wuxi County,Nanchuan District and Wansheng District in the past five years Diversity has deteriorated on a larger scale.The average value of vegetation coverage increased from 77.94%in 2000to 85.68%in 2020,and the proportion of the sum of the recent 5 young areas with slight decline and significant decline began to increase.The habitat degradation index is based on basically no degradation in each year,and its proportion is above 55%.The proportion of basically no degradation in each year is decreasing year by year,and the risk of habitat degradation in the study area is continuously increasing.The average value of the Habitat Q uality Index has been continuously increased from 0.708 to 0.734.The Habitat Quality is relatively good.The changes in the past 5 years show that the proportions of areas with obvious declines and slight declines have increased slightly,but the proportion of areas with significant increases in habitat quality has also increased significantly.(5)The regional average value of Chongqing’s ecological space comprehensive habitat quality index in each year is above 70 points,indicating that the comprehensive quality of regional habitat is relatively good.The average annual proportions of good habitat quality and superior habitat quality reached 63.57%and 24.84%,respectively.The unary linear regression analysis results of poor habitat quality only distributed at the pixel scale showed that Pengshui County,Rongchang District,Wansheng Economic Development Zone,In the five districts and counties of Wulong District and Xiushan District,the proportion of the comprehensive habitat quality index of the five districts and counties from 2000 to 2020 is higher than the proportion of the continuous increase,and the value has decreased,indicating that the five districts and counties have serious problems in the habitat quality and urgent Measures need to be taken to control the deterioration trend.The results of comprehensive grading of habitat quality at the district/county scale show that from 2000 to 2020,the grade with the most comprehensive habitat quality in each year is grade II,and there are counties with no grade reduction.Among them,the number of comprehensive habitat quality level I is continuously increasing,the number of comprehensive habitat quality level II shows a trend of"up-decrease-up",the number of comprehensive habitat quality level III shows a trend of"decrease-up-down",and the comprehensive habitat quality level IV The number shows a"rising-falling"trend. |
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