Evaluation Of Ecological Vulnerability Of Changzhi Area Based On SPCA

With the development of human society,the damage caused by the destruction of the ecological environment has become increasingly prominent.The natural environmental conditions and human disturbances in various regions of the ecosystem are different,leading to ecological fragility and becoming a hot issue for scholars.Taking Changzhi Area as an example,this paper selects 12 indicators such as elevation,land use type,landscape diversity index,annual average temperature,NDVI,population density,etc.in 2010 and 2020,and constructs the ecological fragility of Changzhi Area through the "SPR" model.The evaluation system uses a 30m×30m grid as the basic evaluation unit,combined with principal component analysis(SPCA)to study the ecological vulnerability of Changzhi Area.The main findings are as follows:(1)The ecological environment fragility of Changzhi Area was systematically evaluated: the ecological fragility of Changzhi Area showed obvious spatial distribution characteristics.The places with high ecological fragility were mainly concentrated in the central Luzhou District and Xiangyuan County,as well as Qinzhou in the northwest.Yuan County and Qin County.Areas with low ecological vulnerability are mainly concentrated in the eastern and southern regions,including Licheng County,Pingshun County,Huguan County and Changzi County.From 2010 to 2020,the proportion of areas with mild vulnerability increased from 14.26% to 56.85%,an increase of 42.59%;the proportion of areas with moderate vulnerability dropped from 53.90% to 41.48%,a decrease of 12.42%;The intensity of the vulnerable zone was reduced from 31.81% to1.67%,a 30.14% reduction.The final calculated ecological vulnerability index has been reduced from 2.17 to 1.44,and the overall ecological environment has improved.(2)Analyze the spatial correlation of the ecological vulnerability of Changzhi Area in combination with GEODA.After calculation,the global Moran Index of Changzhi Area in 2010 and 2020 is 0.860 and 0.648,respectively,indicating that the ecological vulnerability of Changzhi Area is obvious in space.Spatial autocorrelation is a significant positive correlation,with significant high-high clustering in the centralnorthern,western,and northwestern regions,and significant low-low clustering in the eastern region.According to the principal component load accumulation calculated by the spatial principal component analysis method,the main driving factors affecting the ecological vulnerability of Changzhi Area are DEM,NDVI,soil type,population density,GDP per capita,and population density.(3)In the relationship between the distribution of mines and ecological fragility,the vulnerability of coal mines is much higher than that of non-coal mines.The vulnerability of limestone and limestone used for building stone in non-coal mines is higher than that of other types of non-coal mines;The analysis of the superposition of vulnerability and ecological red line should focus on the ecological red line area within Luzhou District,Xiangyuan County,Qinyuan County and Qin County.The internal ecological red line vulnerability of this area is higher than that of other districts and counties;the ecological vulnerability should be compared with the river system.The analysis of phase superposition should focus on the Qin River in Qinyuan County,the reservoirs in Qin County,and the Zhuozhang River in Luzhou District and Wuxiang County.In future water system management,attention should be paid to water system restoration in these areas.