Synthesis Of Saturated Cardanol Polyoxyethylene Ether And Their Application In Metal Pickling Agents

Water-based metal cleaning agents mostly use nonylphenol ethoxylate as the main component,but they have serious environmental problems.Therefore,there is a need for the non-toxic and harmless surfactant instead of it in metal cleaning agents.Cardanol is a kind of cheap and renewable raw material.Cardanol polyoxyethylene ether having a similar structure to the nonylphenol ethoxylate structure can be obtained by cardanol reacted with ethylene oxide.However,cardanol polyoxyethylene ether have many problems during use,and in particular,they can’t be applied in metal pickling agents.Therefore,it was modified to be a green alternative cardanol ethoxylate nonionic surfactant in this paper.With its good emulsifying,dispersing properties and excellent wetting,penetrating and cleaning functions;it is used in metal pickling agents with strong acid,strong acid strong oxidizing and strong acid strong oxidizing fluorine system to instaed of nonylphenol ethoxylate.Firstly,at 135～140℃ and under 2×105～3×105 Pa,cardanol was mixed with ethylene oxide at a molar ratio for addition reaction and the addition numbers are 10,11,13 and 15 respectively.Unsaturated cardanol polyoxyethylene ethers(UCPE-10,UCPE-11,UCPE-13 and UCPE-15)were synthesized.Nickel was used as catalyst to catalytically hydrogenate the above products to obtain saturated cardanol polyoxyethylene ethers(CPE-10,CPE-11,CPE-13 and CPE-15).Uniform design and single factor experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of reaction temperature,catalyst dosage and reaction time on the catalytic hydrogenation reaction,and the optimal conditions for the reaction were determined.Secondly,the products were characterized by FT-IR and 1H-NMR.The results showed the synthetic products were the target products.The HLB value,CMC and cloud point number of the synthetic products were determined.Thirdly,the kinetic experiment was carried out on the catalytic hydrogenation reaction under the condition of eliminating the influence of internal and external diffusion.The change of reactant concentration with reaction time at 288.15 K～308.15 K was measured.The activation energy of the two-step reaction was obtained by fitting,which were 81.6 KJ/mol and 108.98 KJ/mol respectively.The kinetic models of catalytic hydrogenation were established,and the reliability was verified.The kinetic equation of the catalytic hydrogenation reaction was determined.Finally,in the strong acid,strong acid strong oxidizing and strong acid strong oxidizing fluorine system,CPE and other additives were compounded to determine the optimal formula of aluminum,brass and titanium metal pickling agent.The cleaning ability was tested and the industrial tests were conducted.The results show that CPE can be used as a substitute for toxic and harmful nonylphenol ethoxylates in metal pickling agents;the above metal cleaning agents have good washing effect and can be applied in industrial production.