Study On The Impact Of The Yangtze River Delta Region Environmental Regulation On Employment In Heavy Polluting Industries

At present,with the government attaching more and more importance to the ecological environment,the impact of a series of policies and regulations on environmental protection on economy and employment has attracted more and more attention.As an important industrial cluster area in China,there are many heavy pollutiong industries in Yangtze River Delta region,which not only create economy,but also have an impact on the local ecological environment.In this context,how to minimize the negative impact of environmental regulations on the employment of heavy polluting industries in the Yangtze River Delta region,and even realize the growth of employment in heavy polluting industries,which is a challenge for its future development.This paper starts from the theoretical exploratory analysis,puts forward the hypothesis,and then carries on the empirical research.Considering the mechanism of technological innovation in the impact of environmental regulation on the employment of heavy polluting industries,and whether there is threshold effect and industry difference in the impact of environmental regulation on the employment of heavy polluting industries,this paper comprehensively explores the impact of the Yangtze River Delta region environmental regulation intensity on the employment of heavy polluting industries at different levels.Firstly,the pollution situation and environmental regulation intensity of heavy polluting industries in Yangtze River Delta region are studied.Twelve heavy polluting industries in the Yangtze River Delta region are identified by using two indicators of pollution emission intensity and pollution emission scale.Then by calculating the proportion of waste water,waste gas and solid waste discharged from heavy polluting industries in the Yangtze River Delta region in China,it is concluded that the comprehensive emission of three wastes from heavy polluting industries in the Yangtze River Delta region is at a high level in the whole country,and the main reason is that the discharge amount of waste water reaches nearly one fourth of that of the whole country;Through factor analysis and cluster analysis,this paper measures and compares the environmental regulation intensity of 31 provinces in China in 2017.The results show that the environmental regulation intensity of Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province is at the upstream level of the whole country,the environmental regulation intensity of Shanghai and Anhui Province is at the middle level of the whole country,and the overall environmental regulation intensity of the Yangtze River Delta region is in the middle and upper reaches of the country.Secondly,the relationship between environmental regulation and employment in heavy polluting industries is analyzed theoretically and hypotheses are put forward.In the impact of environmental regulation on the employment of heavy polluting industries,based on the analysis of the two universities’ theories of "following cost" and "innovation compensation",this paper reveals the comprehensive influence mechanism of environmental regulation on the employment of heavy polluting industries,and puts forward hypothesis 1:To a certain extent,technological innovation of enterprises can weaken the negative impact of environmental regulation on the employment of heavy polluting industries;From the perspective of production and demand,this paper deduces the mathematical model of the impact of environmental regulation on the employment of heavy polluting industries.Based on the analysis of hypothesis 1,hypothesis 2 is proposed: The impact of environmental regulation on employment in heavy polluting industries is a nonlinear relationship,and there may be threshold effect;Based on the numerical simulation analysis of the mathematical model,hypothesis 3 is put forward:There are industry differences in the impact of environmental regulation on the employment of heavy polluting industries.Thirdly,the empirical analysis of the impact of the Yangtze River Delta region environmental regulation on the employment of heavy polluting industries is carried out.Constructing the model of mediating effect test,the results show that the mediating role of technological innovation in the impact of environmental regulation on the employment of heavy polluting industries presents a masking effect,and technological innovation of enterprises can weaken the negative impact of environmental regulations on the employment of heavy polluting industries to a certain extent;Constructing the econometric model with quadratic term of environmental regulation,through multiple regression,lag one-stage regression and robustness test,the results show that there is an inverted "U" relationship in the impact of the Yangtze River Delta region environmental regulation on the employment of heavy polluting industries.Further,the threshold effect model is constructed to capture the structural change point of the impact of the Yangtze River Delta region environmental regulation on employment of heavy polluting industries,the results show that there are two threshold values of environmental regulation,and the impact of environmental regulation on the employment of heavy polluting industries in the Yangtze River Delta is similar to an inverted "n" curve.Finally,the empirical analysis of 12 heavy polluting industries in the Yangtze River Delta region is carried out,the results show that there are industry differences in the impact of the Yangtze River Delta region environmental regulation on the employment of heavy polluting industries.The impact of environmental regulation on the employment of the vast majority of heavy polluting industries presents an inverted "U" type relationship,but has no significant impact on the employment of the three heavy polluting industries,namely,wine,beverage and refined tea manufacturing industry,food processing industry and agricultural and sideline food processing industry.Finally,based on the above analysis,this paper puts forward the following countermeasures and suggestions for the Yangtze River Delta region to achieve environmental protection and promote the employment growth of heavy polluting industries:1.Establish environmental protection financing mechanism to provide financial support for technological innovation of enterprises;2.Pay attention to the differences between regions and industries,and implement differentiated measures of environmental regulation intensity;3.Strengthen education support and formulate talent attraction policy to improve the level of human capital in the Yangtze River Delta region.The innovation points of this paper are as follows: 1.Research perspective innovation.Most of the existing general researches take the whole country or divide it into eastern,central and western regions as research perspectives,the research on the Yangtze River Delta region,the Pearl River Delta region and the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region is extremely weak,this paper will study the most important area-Yangtze River Delta region,and take the heavy polluting industry which is vulnerable to environmental regulation as the research object;2.Research content innovation.Most of the existing literature doesn’t take technological innovation as the core transmission factor.This paper analyzes the relationship and mechanism among environmental regulation,technological innovation and employment in heavy polluting industries,which is found that the impact of environmental regulation on the employment of heavy polluting industries in the Yangtze River Delta region is a nonlinear relationship,with threshold effect and industry differences,and technological innovation of enterprises can weaken the negative impact of environmental regulation on the employment of heavy polluting industries to a certain extent.