A Study On Accumulation Of Heavy Metals And Nonmetal In The Hair Of 3 Common Bats From Three Locales In Guangdong

The enrichment of heavy metals and nonmetal in organisms has always been a biological problem of great concern,and its enrichment law is one of the indispensable links to understand the internal relationship between natural environment and biological groups.Chiroptera is the second largest group in Mammalia after Rodentia,with a wide variety of species and a large population base.Chiroptera is one of the important groups in the ecosystem.Because it is often at a higher trophic level and bioaccumulation is more obvious,the enrichment of heavy metals and nonmetal in its body deserves attention.However,there are relatively few researches in this field in China,and there is a lack of multi-faceted analysis and research for specific regions and groups.Guangdong Province is one of the regions with the fastest economic development in China.With the construction of urbanization and economic development,the environmental pollution caused by heavy metals and nonmetal faced by cities in Guangdong Province has become more and more prominent.Therefore,this study took Shaoguan,Qingyuan and Huizhou in Guangdong Province as the research objects,and three bats,namely,Hipposideros armiger,Rhinolophus sinicus and Rhinolophus affinis,as the research objects,trying to explore the accumulation of arsenic(As),cadmium(Cd),chromium(Cr),copper(Cu)and lead(Pb)in their hair from multiple angles.The situation and general law of five heavy metals.The results are as follows:(1)Based on the determination and analysis of four heavy metals and one nonmetal in the hair of three bats in Guangdong Province,the results show that the content of heavy metals and nonmetal in the hair of bats in these three areas is higher than the heavy metals and nonmetal in the hair of bats recorded in the literature,indicating that bats in these three areas are affected by heavy metal and nonmetal pollution,and heavy metals are enriched in their bodies to a certain extent;The contents of heavy metals in the hair of the three species of bats also showed certain regularity,That is,the content of Cu is higher than that of the other four heavy metals,And this sequence does not change with species and regions.The reason may be that Cu,as an essential heavy metal element of organisms,is significantly higher than the non-essential heavy metal elements of other four organisms.Excessive Cu will cause hemolysis and harm bats,so subsequent pathological analysis of these three bats should be carried out.(2)Through the difference analysis of heavy metals and nonmetal in bat hair,it is found that: As in the hair of R.sinicus is different from that of R.affinis and H.armiger.The concentration of As in the hair of R sinicus is lower than that of R.affinis and H.armiger.The concentration of Cu in the hair of H.armiger is different from that of two species of bats,and its concentration is lower than that of two species of bats,indicating that there are interspecific differences in As and Cu in the hair of bats.(3)Through the correlation analysis of heavy metals and nonmetal in bat hair,it is found that the correlation between heavy metals in bat hair is different.There is a negative correlation between Cd and As in the hair of R.affinis,and there is a positive correlation between Cu and Pb;There is a positive correlation between Pb and Cu,Cd and Cr in the hair of R.sinensis,and there is a positive correlation between Cu and Cr.There is a positive correlation between Cu and As and Cr,and a positive correlation between Pb and Cd in the hair of H.armiger.In terms of correlation with some biological traits,this topic found that only a few traits have correlations.The forearm length of the H.armiger and R.affinis has a significant negative correlation with the Pb in its hair,which is related to the own metabolic level of bat.The weight of the R.sinicus has a significant positive correlation with Cu and Pb.This positive correlation between body weight and heavy metals may be due to the strong enrichment capacity of heavy metals in organisms difficult to excrete them in vitro.(4)Regional difference is an important factor affecting the enrichment of heavy metals and nonmetal.When we analyzed the differences of heavy metals in the hair of the same species of bats in different regions,it was found that the Cd in the hair of the R sinicus is different between Huizhou City,Shaoguan City and Qingyuan City;there are differences in Pb in the hair of R sinicus in Qingyuan,Shaoguan and Huizhou,and there are regional differences in Cd and As in the hair of R.sinicus.There are differences in Cd in the hair of R.affinis in Qingyuan,Shaoguan and Huizhou.There are differences in As in the hair of R.affinis in Shaoguan,Huizhou and Qingyuan.This regional difference has a certain relationship with the concentration of heavy metals and nonmetal in the local environment.(5)Among the three species of bats studied in this experiment,The heavy metal Pb in the hair of R.sinicus is different between male and female,It also shows that the Pb in the hair of the female R.sinicus is higher than that of the male R.sinicus,which may be due to the female-biased sexual dimorphism of the R.sinicus,that is,the female body size is larger than the male,and the body weight of the R.sinicus has a significant positive correlation with the Pb in the hair.To sum up,the content of heavy metal Pb in the hair of R.sinicus showed that the female was higher than the male.(6)The results of linear modeling show that this 4 kind of heavy metals and one of nonmetal Pb and Cd in bat hair are affected by regions,and Cr is affected by age,and there are differences between the mixed model and the simplified model,indicating that the simple model is weaker than the mixed model.The effect of the model suggests that these non-significant influencing factors may also affect the heavy metal content in bat hair.To sum up,this 4 kind of heavy metals and and one nonmetal in bat hair were preliminarily studied and found that: There is a certain accumulation of heavy metals and nonmetal in bat hair.The content of heavy metals in the hair of different species of bats is different to some extent,and some heavy metals have certain correlation with their environment,sex,age and different species.The results support the hair of bat can be used to explore the indicators of heavy metal and nonmetal enrichment of organisms,the study provides some scientific basis and information reference for the follow-up study of heavy metals and nonmetal in bats.