Research On Production Decision Of Rare Earth Oxide Enterprises Under Carbon Emission Constraints

With the development of economic globalization,the issue of global warming caused by carbon emissions has aroused widespread concern in the society.As a developing country with the largest total carbon emissions in the world,China will face the pressure of low-carbon production transition for a long time in the future.China’s efforts to reach a carbon peak by 2030 and to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060 are a major strategic decision made after careful consideration by the CPC Central Committee,which bears on the sustainable development of the Chinese nation and the building of a community with a shared future for mankind.China has the largest reserves and output of rare earth in the world,and serious pollution problems accompany every link from mining to production and processing.Therefore,it is a top priority to solve the carbon emission reduction problem of rare earth production enterprises while ensuring economic development.The protection of rare earth resources,the optimization of the structure of rare earth enterprises,the promotion of industrial transformation and upgrading,and how to reduce the environmental side effects of rare earth production have gradually become the hot topics of concern.Measures and technologies that have appeared in China to promote enterprises to carry out low-carbon production include: some developed cities in southern China have begun to carry out pilot carbon trading;Carbon capture and carbon storage technology in coal power generation enterprises.To achieve "carbon peak" and "carbon neutral",the government needs to play the role of macro-control.When the government controls the carbon emissions of enterprises through administrative means and sets strict restrictive conditions,enterprises and the government will form two sides of the game.Therefore,this paper first discusses a static game between the government and rare earth oxide production enterprises,and obtains the balance point of interests of both sides through calculation,so as to conclude that the goal of influencing enterprises to carry out low-carbon production and develop low-carbon economy requires both the guidance of government policies and the improvement of enterprises’ own technical conditions.Enterprises are the most important subjects to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality in China.When enterprises are constrained by carbon emission,they must consider how to get rid of the constraint.This paper discusses how to optimize the production of enterprises under the carbon constraint.When the production scale of the enterprise is small and does not touch the carbon emission constraint red line,the enterprise can carry out production in accordance with the original production mode and production scale.If the enterprise has a large production scale and its carbon emissions exceed the quota allocated by the government,the enterprise must consider how to meet the carbon constraints.This requires enterprises to make a choice: carry out technological transformation,industrial optimization and upgrading or purchase additional carbon emissions in the carbon trading market.And how to optimize the production mix of products under the condition of carbon constraint,so as to obtain the maximum benefits.Finally,the paper gives some suggestions for the above discussion.First of all,both enterprises and the government should fulfill their responsibilities and make efforts for green production and environmental protection.Secondly,enterprises should actively change the concept of production,technological innovation and industrial optimization and upgrading.Thirdly,the government should support enterprises to carry out technological innovation,and provide relevant policy and financial support to enterprises that fulfill their social responsibilities.