| With the rapid development of economy,cement,mining,building materials,metallurgy,machinery and other industries have developed rapidly,at the same time,a large number of dust has been produced,dust has a huge impact on human health,production activities,quality of goods,economic benefits,the environment and the balance of nature of resources.Therefore,it is very important to carry out the research of cement dust control and find out the chemical dust suppressant formula with better performance.In this thesis,experimental research and field test were used to study the dust emission from cement pavement,and the composition of dust,the factors affecting dust emission and control measures were studied.It was found that the main factors affecting the wet dust suppression effect were the moisture retention,hygroscopicity,adhesion and wettability of the chemical dust suppressants,which provided the basis for the study of the formula of the dust suppressants.Through a series of experiments,the formula of dust suppressant was studied,and its physical and chemical properties were determined.Several ideal raw materials of moisture absorbent,humectant,binder and chemical Surfactant were selected to compare the experimental results,the raw materials of each component were determined by monomer experiment,and then the optimum ratio was obtained by compound experiment and orthogonal experiment,calcium magnesium acetate with concentration of 5% was selected as the hygroscopic agent in the dust suppressant formulation,2% Sodium lauryl sulfate with concentration of 2.5%,0.5% Polyethylene glycol 1:1 mixed solution as the dust suppressor formulation,triethanolamine with concentration of 3% as the dust suppressor formulation,and carboxymethyl cellulose with concentration of 2.5% as the binders in the dust suppressor formulation.After a series of tests,its performance index is tested.The results showed that the viscosity of the dust suppressant solution was 19.86 MPA s,the water content of 6-36 hours after spraying was obviously higher than that of calcium magnesium acetate monomer,the water content of the two solutions tended to be the same after 42 hours of spraying,and they had good moisture retention performance The moisture content of the dust suppressant is higher than that of the monomer of the triethanolamine solution at 6-24 hours after spraying,after spraying for 36-48 hours,the water retention rate of the compound dust suppressant was obviously higher than that of the monomer of 2% and 3% triethanolamine solution After spraying the dust suppressant,the average erosion rate was 8.43%,and the PH value of the dust suppressor was 7.28,which was neutral.Dust suppression tests were carried out on the road surface of the open-pit Mine of Beijing Weike Metallurgy Co.,Ltd..It was proved that spraying dust suppressant solution could effectively reduce the dust concentration in the air for over 12 hours,the dust suppression efficiency can reach up to 28% within 2 hours and 15% after 12 hours.Therefore,the compound dust suppressant has a good control effect on cement dust,and the effect decreases gradually with the extension of time.The price of the raw material is about 10,000 yuan/ton.Compared with frequent water spraying,the cost of labor,vehicle,fuel and water can be saved by 22.79%.To sum up,this thesis studies the cement dust and explores the chemical dust suppressant formula for cement dust.The dust suppressor has good dust suppression effect.It provides a good method for effectively controlling the pollution caused by cement dust,and has good popularization and application value.Due to the limitation of time and experiment condition,the effect of different cement on dust control was not considered in the field experiment.There are 16 figures,20 tables and 44 references in this thesis. |
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