Study On Cannabinoids In Hemp Oil And Its Bioactivity

Obesity has become a global public health safety issue.Obesity is a metabolic disorder caused by dietary imbalance and lower energy consumption than energy intake and other factors,which can lead to many metabolic diseases,such as type 2 diabetes,hypertension,hyperlipidemia and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.At present,the main methods for controlling obesity are reasonable diet,strengthening physical exercise,medication and surgical treatment,but long-term chemical synthesis drug prevention and treatment will have strong side effects on the human body.Compared with chemically synthesized drugs,foods that are homologous to prevent obesity have the characteristics of wide sources,safety and economy,and have become a hot spot in current research.Hemp is a traditional medicinal and edible food with various physiological activities such as anti-oxidation,regulating metabolism,lowering blood fat and protecting cardiovascular system.It is generally believed that cannabinoids are its main active ingredients,but specific active compounds and their effects The mechanism is not clear.Therefore,this article uses hemp seeds from Bama Yao Autonomous County in Guangxi Province as the raw material,and uses the total phenol content as a reference index to optimize the pretreatment method to increase the cannabinoid content in hemp oil;use the mass spectrometry molecular network method to establish the qualitative cannabinoids Quantitative analysis methods were used to clarify the composition of cannabinoids in hemp oil;using Caenorhabditis elegans as a model organism,a high-sugar-induced obesity model was established to explore the mechanism of cannabinoids in preventing and treating obesity.The full text is summarized as follows:1.Using the total phenol content as a reference index,three pretreatment methods of oven,infrared and microwave were compared.It was found that the total phenol content was the highest in the hemp oil extracted after microwave pretreatment.Using response surface analysis method,the optimal process conditions for microwave pretreatment are as follows: the water content of raw materials was 9.38%,the microwave power was 807 W,and the microwave time was 7.47 min.The total phenolic content of decolorized sesame oil reached 65.39 mg/100 g after pressing,which was 2.37 times of the polyphenolic content in the sesame oil without microwave pretreatment,and all the indexes were in line with the provisions of the national standard for vegetable crude oil.2.By using high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry,the pyrolysis law of hemp diathesis spectrum was analyzed,and the molecular network method of hemp diathesis spectrum was established.Twelve hemp compounds in hemp oil were identified,which were 8 cannabinol compounds and 4 cannabinolic acids compounds,respectively.Based on the characteristic mass spectrometry information of cannabinoids and four standard cannabinoids,the quantitative analysis method of cannabinoids in hemp oil was established,and it was confirmed that cannabidiol was the highest cannabinoid content in hemp oil.Compared with direct pressing of hemp oil,microwave pretreatment significantly increased the neutral cannabinoids such as Cannabidiol(10.54±1.31 μg/g,2.16 times),Cannabidivarin(3.06±0.30 μg/g,2.07 times),Cannabinochroene(0.4±0.03 μg/g,1.55 times)and Cannabinol(0.59±0.08 μg/g,1.6 times),while the contents of Tetrahydrocannabinolic(0.07±0.01 μg/g,0.41 times),Tetrahydrocannabinolic acid(1.65±0.09 μg/g,0.43 times),Tetrahydrocannabivarinic(0.06±0.01 μg/g,0.22 times)and other cannabinolic acids were decreased.3.In this study,an obesity model of Caenorhabditis elegans was established by using high glucose.By measuring the growth,development,locomotion capacity and lipid accumulation of C.elegans,it was found that polyphenols were the main active components in hemp oil,and CBD,as the highest content of cannabinoid,played a dominant role in the activity of C.elegans.Metabomics binding gene expression was used to explore the mechanism of the activity,and it was found that after CBD specifically binding with the receptor,it mainly down-regulated the level of mdt-15,regulated the SREBP signaling pathway and its downstream regulators,fat-5,fat-6 and fat-7,promoted the generation of 5-HT and up-regulated the daf-7 signaling pathway.They regulate the glucose metabolism of C.elegans,reduce the synthesis of fatty acids and promote the β-oxidation of fatty acids.In addition,the intake of CBD by obese C.elegans can activate daf-16 and other life-span factors,such as sod-3,gst-4 and lipl-4,which can enhance the resistance to oxidative stress and prolong the life span of C.elegans.