| One of the main driving forces for China’s economy to maintain stable growth is the development of industry.However,the pollution discharged in the process of industrialization in China is the main “contributor” to environmental pollution.Under the condition of ensuring the stable development of China’s economy,reducing the pollution discharge per unit output value will help control the total discharge of pollutants.Due to the externality of environmental protection behavior,it is difficult to provide good incentives for enterprises,and the participation of local governments can coordinate the relationship between the economic development and the ecological environment of “lucid waters and lush mountains”.Therefore,environmental regulation can play a key role in solving environmental problems.Based on the relevant theory and research of environmental regulation,this paper explores the internal mechanism between environmental regulation and pollution emission intensity.Firstly,using China’s provincial-level data from 2008 to 2017 as a sample,this paper investigates the measurement and evolution trend of environmental regulation and industrial pollution emission intensity,and analyzes the spatial correlation of of the latter.Secondly,combining the spatial panel durbin model with the mediating effect test model,this article explores the direct effect,spatial spillover effect and indirect effect of three types of environmental regulation on the intensity of industrial pollution emissions.Finally,from the two aspects of sub-regional test and threshold effect test,this paper explores whether there is regional heterogeneity in the impact of environmental regulation on industrial pollution emission intensity.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Industrial pollution emission intensity has a significant and positive spatial correlation,and China mainly presents a low-low agglomeration feature,that is,provinces with low pollution emission and low pollution emission are clustered together.(2)Ex-ante environmental regulation has a positive spatial spillover effect on industrial emission intensity,while the spillover effects of intermediate and ex-post regulation is not significant in general.(3)In the direct effect,intermediate environmental regulation can directly improve the pollution situation;ex-ante and ex-post regulation measures are generally not conducive to pollution reduction.In the indirect effect,ex-ante environmental regulation can improve technological innovation and reduce pollution intensity;both ex-ante and ex-post environmental regulation can use industrial structure to indirectly affect the pollution emission intensity,while intermediate environmental regulation can reduce the pollution intensity by adjusting the industrial structure;intermediate environmental regulation can achieve emission reduction through expanding of foreign investment,while ex-ante and ex-post regulatory measures can restrain emission reduction through the path of foreign direct investment.Besides,it is more effective for intermediate regulation to rely on industrial structure to reduce pollution.(4)In terms of regional differences,the three regulatory measures in the eastern region and the intermediate regulation in the western region can promote emission reduction,while the regulatory measures in other regions are not conducive to emission reduction.In addition,the intermediate environmental regulation fails to accept the threshold effect test,and both ex-ante and ex-post environmental regulation have a single threshold feature.Under economic constraints,ex-ante regulation has a heterogeneous effect on industrial emission intensity that is first promoted and then inhibited.Only when the per capita GDP is higher than 67530,the strengthening of expost environmental regulation is effective for pollution reduction.Lastly,the above research results are sorted out,and corresponding suggestions are given from the perspectives of cross-regional joint emission reduction,flexible and differentiated regulation strategies and technological innovation.This paper has 29 figures,21 tables and 174 references. |
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