Study On Spatio-temporal Differentiation And Reconstruction Of Rural Settlements In Wensu County From The Perspective Of Ecological Livability

The report of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered in a new epoch era.It also implement the important strategic deployment plan for the revitalization of rural area s.Ecological livability is the key aspect in the revitalization of rural areas.Establishment an beautiful village of suitable for living and industry,human-nature harmonious is not only the basis for constructing the "Two Mountains" theory of the General Secretary in practice in countryside,but also an effective way to guarantee comprehensive and sustainable development of rural areas and improve rural ecology,production,and living environment.Therefore,it is necessary to make an in-depth analysis of spatial-temporal differentiation features of rural settlements,quantitatively discloses factors affecting rural settlements layout and changes,and evaluated the livability suitability of rural settlements,explored the strategies aim for the rural settlements space,society and economy optimization and reconstruction.It is used for improving rural settlements functions,enhance land space utilization efficiency,and alleviate the unbalance between urban and rural spatial development.Taking Wensu County as the study area for empirical research.Based on the theory of man-land relationship of geography and landscape ecology,this paper analyzed the characteristics of the temporal and spatial differentiation of rural settlements in Wensu County during 2009,2013 and 2018.Through GIS spatial analysis technology,quantitative statistical model,SOFM clustering,weighted Tyson polygon and other methods.Then,conducted quantitative cause analysis of the spatial differentiation and temporal changes of rural settlements,and established the rural settlements livability suitability evaluation index system under the goal orientation of ecological livability development in Wensu County.Next,we classifies different types of rural settlements suitability development combined with previous research,attempted to analyze the influencing factors and mode of action for rural settlements reconstruction in Wensu County,discuss the optimal reconstruction strategy and path choice of rural settlements from three aspects of space,industry and social service The results showed that:(1)During 2009,2013 and 2018,the quantity,scale,and density of rural settlements in Wensu County displayed a growing trend,it showed that the rural settlement as a whole is in the trend of expansion.The agglomeration degree of settlement scale shows an increase of polarization during the study period,and there are obvious spatial differentiation on different time nodes,demonstrating obvious features of differentiation in space.During the study period,the shape of the settlement at the county level tends to be regular,and continuity is gradually improved,the overall characteristics of the settlements landscape at the township level is gradually reduced,and the scale difference is reduced.The spatial coupling characteristics of settlement spatial and cultivated land generally developed towards a coordinated direction,the contradiction between settlements and cultivated land in the county is still prominent.(2)Natural factors as basic factors for the development of rural settlements,which have relatively stable limitation and influence on the layout and evolution of rural settlements With the development of socio-economic factors such as population,cultivated land scale,policy planning and other factors have an increasingly influence on rural settlements,and then guiding the development and vicissitude of rural settlements.The spatial distribution geographical exploration showed that settlement layout is mainly affected by the comprehensive factors such as the distance from the center villages and towns,distance from cultivated land,population density,regional GDP,distance from canals,NDVI,elevation,soil erosion degree and so on.The quantitative analysis of temporal and spatial change showed that it is easier for settlement development and expansion in areas with high traffic access,close distances to cultivated land and canals,while settlements are easier to extinct in areas far away from canals and with small population density.(3)Based on the results of the evaluation of the livability suitability of rural settlements and with reference to the "three main and three division" planning method,the dominant type of land use and the red line of county ecological protection ar e taken as the overall basis for optimization and reconstruction of rural settlements space,this paper classifies the rural settlements into layout optimization type and spatial-relocation type for spatial reconstruction.Next,proposes corresponding optimization strategies and spatial relocation plans according to different types,at the same time,starting from the macro county level,proposes "Two belts and two clusters",four-axis,multi-point,one-center county-level development model for the adjustment of industrial layout in Wensu county.In the aspect of social service reconstruction,through optimal development countermeasures of "building urban agglomeration",connecting "radiation belt",focusing on relocation areas,and improving the service level of "county center",strengthen the construction of urban and rural public service system,establish a radiation global public facilities service network structure,improve the provision of county public service facilities,and enhance the livable level of rural settlements.