Research On The Spatial Reconstruction Strategy Of Baiyangdian Rural Settlements Based On Ecosystem Services

Since the launch of the rural revitalization strategy and the introduction of the targeted poverty alleviation policy in 2018,the issue of rural transformation and development has gradually received attention,and the reconstruction of rural space as the spatial carrier and main manifestation of rural transformation and development has also received extensive attention from the academic community.This paper selects Baiyangdian shallow lake settlements as the research object and constructs the research system of rural spatial reconstruction of Baiyangdian from the ecological perspective.Based on the overall planning of Xiong’an New Area,this paper selects typical areas and puts forward corresponding spatial reconstruction strategies.This paper combed the coupling relationship between Baiyangdian and rural settlements from the space-time dimension,explored the law of rural development of Baiyangdian and its current difficulties,and guided the construction of the rural spatial reconstruction system of Baiyangdian.The evolution of wetland-village relationship has gone through four historical stages: wetland district development,farming by occupied wetland,wetlands conflicted with villages,wetland degradation and village expansion.And the spatial relationship between wetlands and villages can be divided into three types: located in the middle of wetlands,located on the edge of wetlands and away from the wetlands.There is a coupling relationship between the wetlands and the villages in the aspects of resources,ecology,security and space.Then,the ecological footprint model,ecosystem service importance assessment,MCR model and other evaluation methods were introduced to construct the rural spatial reconstruction system.Based on the quantitative evaluation results,the types of rural settlement spatial reconstruction were divided.Considering the ecological protection of the district and the policy guidance of the Xiong’an New Area,the rural spatial reconstruction pattern of Baiyangdian District was constructed.From the three dimensions of supply and demand relationship,ecological efficiency and ecological structure,the harmonious and sustainable man-land relationship of Baiyangdian villages was evaluated.The rural areas were divided into four types by systematic clustering method,namely,the key development type,the moderate construction type,the priority renovation type and the limited expansion type.The spatial development and reconstruction were classified and guided.The results show that Baiyangdian villages are facing serious ecological deficit,low ecological efficiency,unbalanced ecological structure and serious ecological risks.Rural spatial reconstruction should be based on the development of stock or reduction and should not continue to expand disorderly.Based on the classification results of rural spatial restructuring,this paper takes rural construction land as the "source" and comprehensively considers the importance of ecosystem services and the policy of Xiong’an New Area to build resistance surfaces.Based on the MCR model,the expansion trend of rural settlements under three scenarios,ecology-oriented,policy-oriented and ecology-policy,was simulated to construct the spatial reconstruction pattern of rural settlements in Baiyangdian District.The results show that ecology-policy spatial reconstruction can not only form an orderly gradient of rural development,but also effectively limit the expansion of settlements in the southern district and protect the ecosystem of the district.Finally,based on the overall planning of Xiong’an New Area and the spatial reconstruction types and patterns of Baiyangdian Lake,this paper constructs a spatial reconstruction strategy system with the regional characteristics and practical significance of Baiyangdian Lake.The spatial reconstruction strategy of Baiyangdian village is put forward from the aspects of town scale control,industrial layout,traffic planning,settlement migration,rigid ecological red line and flexible township development boundary,etc.And planning suggestions are put forward based on the example of the eastern district of Baiyangdian...