Evaluation Of Municipal Solid Waste Treatment System In Shanghai Under The Background Of Compulsory Classification

With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization,the management of municipal solid waste（MSW）has become an important factor affecting the high-quality development of China’s economy and people’s high-quality life.In order to deal with this problem,the national development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of housing and urban rural development issued a plan to implement the compulsory classification of municipal solid waste in 46 cities nationwide in 2017 to establish and improve the classification and recycling system of municipal solid waste.General secretary Xi Jinping has also made important instructions for garbage sorting work.He stressed the need to speed up the establishment of classified garbage disposal,classified collection,classified transportation and classified disposal of municipal solid waste treatment system.Based on the above background,this study takes Shanghai,the first city to implement the compulsory municipal solid waste classification policy,as a case study to evaluate the municipal solid waste treatment system in Shanghai.The first part mainly studies the residents’ willingness to participate and the influencing factors in the source classification of Shanghai municipal solid waste treatment system.Firstly,1610 valid questionnaires were obtained by means of on-site questionnaire survey,and the influencing factors of residents’ classification willingness were divided into four latent variables:perceived behavior and environmental attitude,social norms,environmental facilities and services,and individual social attributes.Then,the ordinal logistic regression model was used to analyze the residents’ willingness and influencing factors.The main results are as follows:the five influencing factors included in the characteristics of individual social attributes of latent variables,the residents who are more willing to participate in municipal solid waste classification are:women,high age（>60 years old）,low education（junior high school and below）,party and government officials,Low income（below 3000 yuan）.There are four influencing factors（behavior attitude,environmental literacy,policy attitude and environmental feeling）in the latent variable perceived behavior and environmental attitude,and three influencing factors（social identity,neighbor influence and civil social responsibility）in the latent variable social norms,One of the influencing factors of latent variable environmental facilities and services（convenience of recycling services）is positive and significant on the willingness of residents to participate in municipal solid waste classification in Shanghai.There are two sides of legal constraints on Residents’ willingness to participate in municipal solid waste classification.There is no significant impact on Residents’ willingness to participate in municipal solid waste classification,such as the knowledge and information collected,the convenience of classification facilities,and the time spent.In the second part,the environmental impact assessment of different municipal solid waste treatment modes in the construction of municipal solid waste treatment system in Shanghai is carried out.Firstly,based on the impact 2002+evaluation method of life cycle assessment,15 mid point environmental impact indicators and 4 end-point damage indicators of four treatment modes of mixed collection and landfill treatment,mixed collection and incineration treatment,classified collection and incineration+composting treatment and classified collection and incineration+anaerobic treatment were evaluated.The results are as follows:among the 15 mid point environmental impact indicators,except for the global climate change indicators,the impact of the other indicators of the four schemes on the environment is positive,the recovery of by-products is the key factor to offset the negative environmental effect,and the pollution emission and input materials in the treatment process are the main factors,The impact of transportation process on the environment is always small.For the four end-point damage indicators,the optimal scheme（classified collection and incineration+anaerobic treatment）contributed more to the environment in terms of resource consumption,ecological quality,human health and climate change than the most unfavorable scheme（mixed collection and landfill treatment）:-2.63E-04 Daly,-1.82E+02 PDF*M2*yr,-1.18E+02 kg CO2 EQ,-3.39E+03 MJ primary.In view of the research results of this paper,suggestions are as follows:firstly,diversified incentive measures should be taken to encourage residents to participate;Second,improve the level of recycling services and guide residents to reasonably classify garbage;Third,improve the middle and end treatment capacity and improve the whole industry chain of waste treatment;Fourth,innovate waste treatment technology to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.This study can provide a theoretical basis and data reference for cities that have implemented or are going to implement the mandatory municipal solid waste classification policy in establishing and improving the municipal solid waste treatment system.