Optimization Of Rotor Layout And Energy Consumption Test Of Multi-wing Single Arm Structure Electric UAV

With the wide application of modern science and technology in the agricultural field,the level of agricultural equipment technology in China has been improved.For example,the continuous promotion and application of drones in the agricultural field has greatly promoted the development of agricultural aviation equipment technology At present,there are many types of UAV used in agriculture,the electric multi-rotor UAV are the main ones.The electric multi-rotor UAV has the characteristics of low price,strong sensitivity,strong adaptability,fast takeoff and landing,low requirements for takeoff and landing,etc.However,the low continuous operation capability limits the popularization and application of electric multi-rotor UAV.The development of modern agricultural aviation technology puts forward higher requirements for the load capacity,continuous operation ability and operation efficiency of electric multi-rotor agricultural UAV.However,at present,electric multi-rotor plant protection UAV has such problems as short endurance time,small load quality and low operation efficiency.In view of the above problems,under the limitation of existing technology and fuselage size,the main solution is to increase the number of rotors on a single arm.When the number of rotors increases,the layout of the rotors will be different,and the performance of multi-rotor UAV will be different.In order to improve the performance of multi-rotor UAV,this paper studies the rotor configuration and energy consumption of multi-wing single-arm structure electric UAV with different rotor installation positions.Main responsibilities include:1.Design and build a tandem multi-rotor layout energy consumption detection platform,which not only ensures the high efficiency of multivariate testing,but also improves the safety performance by automated operation.It can accurately adjust the rotational speed of the two rotors according to the remote control instruction,and adjust the relative position of any space between the rotors through the parameter automatic adjustment system,so as to study the changing rule of the aerodynamic performance of the lower rotors with the rotational speed of the rotors at different relative positions.The device can automatically complete the collection of motor voltage,current,tension sensor data,and can get real-time lift and power,ensure the test of high efficiency,safety and reliability,with high efficiency,simple operation,inexpensive advantages.2.The lift performance and energy consumption of double rotors of the same size under plane,co-axial and vertical layout structures were tested on the test platform,and the variation rules of lift force of double rotors with different layout structures with test parameters were compared and analyzed.According to the analysis results,the variation of the rotor lift with the lateral spacing ratio D/R is studied for the double-rotor longitudinal arrangement,and the optimal lateral spacing ratio of D/R=1.8 is the double-rotor tandem layout.Secondly,the test of the same-type multi-rotor lift with D/R under the tandem layout mode is tested.It is verified that D/R=1.8 is the most advantageous of the multi-rotor tandem layout.Subsequently,the lift of different size double rotors is tested with the change of the lateral spacing ratio,and the universal applicability of the optimal lateral spacing ratio D/R = 1.8 is verified.3.According to the test and analysis results of the variation law of rotor lift performance with power consumption in different layouts,the performance parameters of the six axis and twelve rotor UAV with multi-rotor single-arm structure were compared in three different layouts.In addition,a six axis and twelve rotor UAV model with planar and vertical layout is built for flight test.The six-axis twelve-rotor UAV physical model under the modal and tandem layout mode is tested for flight.The hovering power of the two models under the same load is tested and compared.According to the experimental analysis results,the planar model has only reduced the hovering power per unit time by 0.06% compared with the optimized tandem model,while the weight of the UAV increased by 6.82%,and the size of the UAV increased by 38.70%.The optimization results of the tandem layout method were verified in the physical performance test comparison.In this paper,the lifting force of the lower rotor with different basic types of layout changes with D/R is tested and studied,and the vertical layout of D/R=1.8 is proposed based on the test analysis results The rotor layout of multi-rotor single-arm electric UAV is optimized.Under the premise of ensuring the energy efficiency of the drone,by changing the relative position between the rotors,the size and weight of the multi-rotor single-arm structure electric UAV are optimized.In the case of equivalent power consumption per unit time,the body quality is reduced by 6.4%,and the body size is reduced by 27.90%,thereby improving the performance of the whole machine.