Research On Fiscal And Tax Policies To Promote The Development Of China’s New Energy Automobile Industry

The emergence of new energy vehicles is of great significance to relieve the pressure of resource shortage,environmental damage and market demand saturation faced by traditional vehicles.In recent years,the research and development and manufacturing of new energy vehicles has become one of the main directions of the future development of the automobile industry.Countries around the world actively promote the development of new energy vehicles to seize the automobile and new energy market.Japan,the United States,Germany and other countries have been at the forefront of the development of new energy vehicles in the world.China’s new energy vehicles started relatively late,but after decades of development,China’s new energy vehicles production and sales scale ranks the forefront of the world,technology research and development has made great progress;However,at present,China’s new energy automobile industry is faced with the pressure of lack of high-end core technology,shortage of high-end production capacity,overcapacity of low-end production capacity and imperfect charging infrastructure.Therefore,China is gradually adjusting the fiscal and tax policies to promote the development of new energy automobile industry in order to improve the development level of new energy automobile industry.The three theories of externality,industrial cycle and sustainable development provide the theoretical basis for the implementation of fiscal and tax policies to promote the development of new energy automobile industry in China.Fiscal subsidies and tax incentives act on producers and consumers respectively,and the mechanisms that affect the new energy automobile industry are different: fiscal and tax incentives act on producers mainly through producer surplus and substitution effects,and act on consumers mainly through income substitution effects.This paper analyzes the development status of new energy automobile industry and concludes that while China’s new energy automobile has made great achievements in production and sales scale and technical level,it is faced with the difficulties of lack of high-end battery core technology,low automobile consumption preference and imperfect charging infrastructure.At the same time,to our country in recent years introduced the fiscal and taxation policies to promote the development of new energyautomotive industry from the perspective of producers and consumers two comb,analysis our country promotes the development of new energy vehicles industry preferential tax policies as small discount strength,not into the system,the problem of large consumer tax burden,unreasonable distribution of subsidies exist,the inspection of the imperfection of the standard.This paper selects the micro-financial data of listed companies in the production and manufacturing of batteries,complete vehicles and charging piles in the industry chain of new energy automobiles,and conducts an empirical research and analysis on the implementation effect of fiscal and tax policies to promote the development of new energy automobile industry in China.The results show that: firstly,the tax incentives and financial subsidies enjoyed by new energy automobile enterprises can enhance their comprehensive competitiveness and promote the development of new energy automobile industry.Secondly,the car purchase subsidies and tax incentives given to consumers will affect the production and sales of new energy vehicles,and the accelerated decline of private car purchase subsidies will affect the production and sales of new energy vehicles to some extent.Finally,based on the above new energy automobile industry development present situation,the fiscal and taxation policies,the empirical analysis results,and the new energy automotive industry at the present stage in China fiscal subsidies trend,proposed consummates our country fiscal and taxation policies to promote the development of new energy vehicles industry advice: preferential tax to cover the entire new energy automotive industry chain,enhance r&d tax breaks,reduce consumer purchases tax burden and improving the tax preferential system;The financial subsidy should focus on strengthening the current subsidies for batteries,parts and charging piles of public infrastructure,and at the same time continuously improve the implementation efficiency of subsidies to avoid auto subsidy fraud;Promote the implementation of supporting measures such as double points.