Study On Land Use And Cover Changes Along The Harbin-Jiamusi Rapid Railway In Heilongjiang Province

In the context of the rapid development of high-speed rail in China,the government of Heilongjiang province proposed to seize the policy window period of promoting the construction of high-speed railway in northeast China,build a “one-hour and two-hour economic circle”connecting 10 prefecture-level cities with Harbin as the center,and integrate into the national high-speed rail network as soon as possible.As one of the skeletons of the high-speed railway network in Heilongjiang province,the study of land use and cover change along the line of Harbin-Jiamusi rapid railway can provide reference for the rational and efficient use of land along the line and for the construction of other high-speed railway lines in Heilongjiang province.The construction of Harbin-Jiamusi rapid railway has a great impact on the surrounding land changes,and the Binxian county,Fangzheng county and Yilan county which the railway passes have no railway history before,so the construction of the express railway will push the development of towns along the line into the fast lane.Based on the background of the rapid development of China’s high-speed railway,this article selects the Harbin-Jiamusi rapid railway in Heilongjiang Province as the research object,and takes the Harbin-Jiamusi rapid railway before and after construction as the time node.Using RS and GIS technology,based on 2014(before construction)and 2018(After construction)Landsat TM remote sensing image extracts and processes land use information within 5 kilometers of both sides of the Harbin-Jiamusi rapid railway line and within 5 kilometers of high-speed rail station radius.To calculate and analyze the characteristics of land use change from the aspects of land use change extent,land use dynamics,land use degree and land use transfer matrix.Finally,the 2026 land use change of Binzhou Station,Fangzheng Station and Yilan Station along the railway is predicted.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Within the entire research area,the proportion of cultivated land area before and after the construction of the Harbin-Jiamusi rapid railway is close to 60%,indicating that the land use types along the line are mainly cultivated land.However,after the opening of the high-speed rail,the cultivated land decreased and the construction land increased.There is a mutual shift between the types of utilization,which is mainly reflected in the conversion of cultivated land,grassland and woodland to construction land.(2)From the perspective of comprehensive land use dynamics,the fluctuation of the comprehensive land use dynamics in the high-speed railway station is relatively large,and the fluctuation of the comprehensive land use dynamics along the railway is relatively gentle.The comprehensive land use dynamics of the Harbin,Yilan and Jiamusi stations are generally higher than the comprehensive land use dynamics along the railway.The dynamic changes of comprehensive land use in the Harbin Station and Jiamusi Station are similar.The dynamic changes of Binzhou Station,Fangzheng Station and Yilan Station tend to be consistent.With regard to the degree of land use,the land use degree along the Harbin-Jiamusi rapid railway has not changed much;within the first few buffer zones of Harbin Station and Jiamusi Station,the land use degree is very high.With the increase of the buffer distance,the land use degree showed the downward trend;while the degree of land use in each buffer zone generally shows a trend of decreasing first and then increasing in Binzhou Station,Fangzheng Station and Yilan Station.(3)Analysis of the buffer zone shows that the 0.5 km range(first buffer zone)on both sides of the Harbin-Jiamusi rapid railway and 3.5-5.0 km(eighth to tenth buffer zones)the land use type changes within the range,while the change within the range of 0.5-3.5 km(second to seventh buffer zone)on both sides is relatively gentle.Among the five high-speed railway station areas,analysis of the buffer zone shows that the land use types within 5 kilometers around Harbin Station and Jiamusi Station are mainly construction land,while the newly-built Binzhou Station,Fangzheng Station and Yilan stations are farmland.These three new stations are located outside the urban area and are 2-5 kilometers away from the urban area.And the buffer zones of Jiamusi Station,Binzhou Station,Fangzheng Station and Yilan Station all showed a trend of decrease in cultivated land and an increase in construction land.(4)The qualitative analysis of the land use changes along the Harbin-Jiamusi rapid railway shows that after the Harbin-Jiamusi rapid railway was opened,the increasing location advantages of the cities along the line,the socioeconomic development of the cities,the implementation of the rural revitalization strategies and other urban land use policies within the study area is the main reason that affects land use changes in the area along the Harbin-Jiamusi rapid railway.(5)Land use change prediction shows that by 2026,the land use types around the newly built Binzhou Station,Fangzheng Station and Yilan Station will still be dominated by cultivated land,accounting for 62.84%,65.49%,and 53.03%,but the degree of land use in the scope of the three high-speed rail stations has improved significantly.From 2018 to 2026,the trend of land use change is mainly manifested by a decrease in cultivated land and an increase in construction land.Among them,the cultivated land decreased by 707.41hm~2,718.16hm~2,and 645.81hm~2,and the construction land area increased by 839.71hm~2,582.17hm~2,and 757.28hm~2.