| Transmission lines are distributed in large numbers and large areas,mostly located in the wilderness and the terrain is complex,and regular inspections are required to ensure safe and stable operation.In recent years,with the increasing expansion of the power grid and the workload of transmission line patrols has increased rapidly,coupled with the harsh line patrol environment,resulting in low efficiency of manual line patrols.Traditional manual line patrols have been difficult to meet the needs of modern power grids for efficient operation and maintenance.The UAV patrol line is not affected by terrain factors,it is convenient to carry,simple to operate,and can be equipped with different instruments for targeted high-precision detection,which significantly improves the efficiency and quality of transmission line patrols.At the same time,higher requirements have been put forward to ensure the information security of drones.Based on the UAV power line patrol application scenario,this paper first analyzes the line patrol UAV system composition and operation strategy mode,and studies the UAV intelligent patrol inspection technology,combining RTK technology and the UAV refined automatic patrol tower algorithm,the paper achieves the optimal flight path generation of line patrol UAVs and high-precision automatic shooting of designated tower hover points.Then the paper analyzes the hidden dangers of the information security of the UAV line patrol,deeply studies the UAV communication mechanism and its security defects,and points out that 16 frequency points in the 2.4GHz or 5.8GHz frequency band maintain remote frequency hopping signal transmission and reception.The remote control performs frequency hopping at intervals of 7ms,of which 1ms is used for frequency hopping synchronization and 6ms is used to send 32-byte command data packets,in addition,the paper expounds the safety problem of the remote controllers’ one-way transmission communication and the frequency-hopping periodic signal that contains only 16 frequency points.To this end,this paper proposes a symmetrical hardware encrypted communication method for remote command of electric line patrol UAVs.This method imitates the smart meter hardware encryption communication method and configures the embedded security access module(ESAM)for the UAV.When the UAV matches the remote terminal,FLASH obtains the key that corresponding to the UAV’s number from management system,then burn the key to the field programmable gate array(FPGA)on the remote controller.The 32-byte remote control data packet generated each time is divided into two groups through the FPGA to perform AES-128 algorithm encryption.On the basis of retaining the original frequency hopping communication,the UAV uses the ESAM chip to perform symmetric decryption on the received 32-byte ciphertext.It can realize the identity authentication based on FPGA and ESAM chip symmetric hardware encryption/decryption communication method in flight control to ensure the safety of professional-level power line patrol drones.Through the analysis of algorithm and hardware circuit structure,the actual flight process can be reproduced more completely,and the safety level of UAV flight control information that has strict requirements on real-time performance can be improved. |
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