Spatial And Temporal Characteristics Analysis And Spatial Optimal Allocation Of Shared Bicycles

Divvy bike sharing system in Chicago,USA,belongs to the official bike sharing system of the Chicago Department of transportation.Different from the bike sharing system launched by domestic well-known enterprises,its single station is fixed,that is,piled bike.With the increase of the flexibility and quantity of bike sharing,it also brings a series of challenges.Due to the limited number of rental points,fixed parking location and other constraints,the development of the existing bike sharing system has encountered bottlenecks,especially the single station delivery problem,single station space optimization problem and the imbalance problem caused by the tide phenomenon of peak passenger flow All of them need to be solved.It is of great significance to study the optimal allocation of bike sharing space,the travel characteristics of bike sharing and the optimal allocation of space to solve the imbalance problem caused by the mismatch between residents’ travel behavior and bicycle space allocation.Firstly,this paper analyzes the statistical distribution of bicycle users’ retained information and group travel time based on the bicycle travel data of divvy in Chicago,and finds out the main characteristics of shared bicycle travel.The results show that: the demand of bicycle travel is increasing day by day;the statistics of bicycle travel in the year shows wave like characteristics;there are obvious morning and evening peaks on weekdays,and the overall travel volume is large;the number of non shared bicycle trips is large There is no obvious travel peak on weekdays,but the distribution of daily traffic volume is relatively uniform;the expansion development mode of single station is consistent with the development along the urban rail transit in Chicago;the temporal and spatial cold hot spots show that the central hot spot area radiates around along the temporal and spatial dimensions,and the farther away from the central area,the lower the number of single trips,and the higher the confidence level of the cold spot.Secondly,based on the bike travel data shared by divvy in Chicago,this paper uses GIS analysis tools to simulate and analyze the riding OD flow.The analysis results show that the hot spots of o-point travel are different from those of d-point travel.The hot spots of o-point travel are scattered,and the intensity of bike density is low.The hot spots of d-point travel are relatively concentrated,and the intensity of travel density is high Through the linear density analysis,it can be concluded that the bicycle travel range of Chicago is widely distributed,and the spatial cycling behavior is obviously hot in the center and cold around;through the accessibility analysis,it can be concluded that the accessibility of shared bicycle stations has certain regional distribution characteristics,and the accessibility difference is obvious.The results show that the accessibility in the central area is generally good.Finally,from the perspective of municipal planning and user travel,the bi level programming model of bike sharing station is established.From the perspective of municipal planning,the upper level takes the minimum number of single station as the objective function.From the perspective of user travel demand,the lower level takes the highest average travel satisfaction as the goal.In this paper,a specific location is selected as a case study to find out the space configuration of bicycle sharing station under the condition of meeting the coverage,and determine the amount of bicycle delivery under this kind of space configuration,which verifies the feasibility of the model method.