The New Refuge Mode Of "An Earthquake Emergency Shelter+"

Earthquake emergency shelter is a safe place to provide refuge and temporary living for the victims when an earthquake occurs,and it is the basis of post-disaster reconstruction and rescue work.How to scientifically plan the layout and maintain and manage earthquake emergency shelters so that they can give full play to their functions of refuge and disaster relief after earthquake disasters is still one of the key issues that urgently need to be studied in the field of disaster prevention and reduction in China.This paper mainly includes the following contents:(1)The adoption of the "earthquake emergency shelter+" model expands the thinking of urban emergency shelter planning.The connection between emergency shelters and parks,schools,public buildings,etc.injected a new ideas into the planning of emergency shelters in cities and towns.(2)Using the building vulnerability analysis method to study the old city of Haiyuan County,it is predicted that when the octave earthquake occurred,the number of homeless people was 25,890,accounting for 47%of the total population of the old city.(3)According to the concept of "earthquake emergency shelter+",32 emergency shelters were selected,public location theory(LA model)was used to plan the emergency shelters according to the basic principles of safety,accommodation,proximity,and "combination of plain and calamity".The 20 emergency shelters required by the LAmodel.(4)The analytic hierarchy process was used to evaluate emergency shelters in the study area,and the scores of "excellent","good","medium" and "poor" were 1,10,8,and 1 respectively.According to the evaluation results,19 emergency shelters were determined to be more suitable for the current situation in the old city of Haiyuan County.(5)Based on the "earthquake emergency shelter",model,the number of the homeless population and the evaluation results of the analytic hierarchy process,formulate a classification plan for emergency shelters(emergency shelters,fixed shelters and central shelters)in the old town of Haiyuan County and propose earthquake emergency shelter planning and optimization strategies to provide emergency response for towns Refuge site planning provides reference.Taking Ningxia old city as an example,the use of "earthquake emergency shelter+" model,the emergency shelters and park green space,schools,public large buildings,extend the coverage of emergency shelters,put forward from the early stage of the affected population forecast to shelter selection and evaluation of emergency shelters integration planning method.Using public location theory model(LA)planned for earthquake emergency shelters,is building the affected population vulnerability analysis,prediction,evaluation index system of construction of emergency shelters and methods on the basis of evaluate the emergency shelters and optimization,scientific planning,Ninghxia old city emergency shelters,and the results can meet the demand of present situation and disaster prevention and mitigation,Ninghxia old city,It can provide ideas and references for the planning of emergency shelters in small and medium-sized towns in China.This paper was supported by the Ningxia Key Research and Development Project "Research on Planning and Design of Community Earthquake Emergency Shelter Based on Location Allocation Model"(2016KJHM38),and the Ningxia Natural Science Foundation Project"Research on Spatial Planning of Earthquake Emergency Shelter+"Based on Location Allocation Model--Taking the Old Town of Haiyuan County as an Example"(2020AAC03047).