| In recent years,with resource shortage,environmental pollution,global warming and other problems becoming more and more serious,countries have made great efforts to develop clean energy to get rid of the dependence on fossil energy.Due to the characteristics of energy conservation and environmental protection,electric vehicles have received high attention.The development of electric vehicles has been elevated to the level of national policies.The charging station of electric vehicles is an important infrastructure to ensure the normal operation of electric vehicles,and the reasonable layout of charging stations is of great importance to the wide popularization of electric vehicles.This paper makes the following research on the planning of charging stations:(1)According to the characteristics of daily electric vehicle trips in urban areas,the urban traffic circulation model is established and applied in the planning of electric vehicle charging stations.Firstly,the city is divided into several administrative regions,and then the administrative regions are divided into several districts.Considering the vehicle circulation among different regions in different time periods,the number of cars in each district in different time periods is obtained according to the proportion,and then the charging probability of EV users is considered to obtain the charging demand of EV in each time period.On this basis,considering users’ driving costs of charging stations,construction costs of charging stations and power loss costs caused by the operation of charging stations,a planning model of urban charging stations considering traffic cycles is finally established.The model takes into account both the economic efficiency of the construction investment of charging stations and the economic efficiency of power grid operation,as well as the convenience of EV charging at the station.The traffic cycle model makes the planning more practical.(2)In view of how to alleviate the problem of range anxiety in the long-distance driving of electric vehicle users on high-speed road sections,the article combines Monte Carlo simulation with traffic start and end point analysis,fully considers the charging demand information of electric vehicles,and meets the high-speed section.The candidate site scheme is determined on the premise of user charging reliability.Considering the construction cost,system voltage stability and user queuing time,the charging service quality index is proposed,and the multi-objective optimization model of charging station planning is established.The super-efficient data envelopment analysis method is used to determine the weight coefficient of each objective function.The multi-objective problem was converted to the problem of single objective.(3)According to the proposed two electric vehicle charging station planning models,an improved adaptive particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the problem.Particle Swarm Optimization(PSO)has excellent characteristics such as few parameters,simple implementation and fast convergence.However,its convergence speed and accuracy and local optimal problems still need to be improved.This paper adopts an improved adaptive strategy when the speed of each particle is very high.In the hour,a part of the particle is selected to mutate according to the preset mutation rate.This mutation operation enables the particles to jump out of the local optimal solution,thereby maintaining the diversity of the particles.Finally,the effectiveness and applicability of two different planning models are verified by simulation. |
