Study On The Masonry Characteristics Of The Brick Wall Of The Former Residence Of John Elias Williams In Gulou Campus Of Nanjing University

Architecture is not only as the product of history,but also the carrier of culture,which content crucial information from various levels of the times.Chinese architecture in modern period had been fully reflected the interaction of Chinese and Western construction techniques and culture under the background of communication and conflict.For brick masonry buildings in modern time China,the brick masonry bonds especially,to some extent,embodies the process of technology development,an evolution of architectural culture.At the end of the 19 th century and the beginning of the 20 th century,the modern architecture of Nanjing flourished to some extent due to the spread and application of new western architectural techniques.Similar to most of the buildings in the former campus of University of Nanking,The Former Residence of John Elias Williams was built just in the prosperous period of the application of modern architectural techniques in Nanjing in the early 20 th century.The decent analysis of the brick masonry bonds of “Residence Williams” as a residence inside the former campus of Nanking University will help us to get profound understand for the masonry characteristics of the western brick masonry buildings in modern China,so as to effectively protect and reuse the cultural heritage of such modern buildings.Based on the previous research on traditional Chinese masonry bonds and common western masonry bonds,this paper makes a comparative analysis of the brick masonry bonds of residences in the former campus of University of Nanking by means of historical literature research,phototaking,surveying and mapping,on-site dismantling,3D model drawing and so on,especially for the thorough analysis of brick masonry bonds of “Residence Williams”.This paper consists of five parts: the first chapter is the introduction,which explains the background of the subject and introduces the purpose,significance,and the structure of the paper.The second chapter talks about the research background and literature review.It makes a systematic review of the existing achievements of traditional Chinese brick masonry bonds and common western brick masonry bonds,and make comparisons between them.In the third chapter,the paper makes a comparative analysis of the brick masonry bonds of residences in University of Nanking campus,and finds out the general characteristics.In the fourth chapter,the brick wall of J.E.Williams’ Former Residence is thoroughly studied and summarized.The last chapter summarizes the paper and points out the defects,and also makes prospect on its future.The whole thesis contains about 37,900 words,115 pictures and charts.