Study On The Effect Of Sound-absorbing Materials On Tire Cavity Resonance Noise

Tire cavity resonance noise is the noise generated by the tire internal air cavity resonating due to the unevenness of the road,and it is transmitted to the cab through automobile parts such as rims and suspensions to form structural noise in a specific frequency range.With the rise of the new energy vehicle market,tire cavity resonance noise has attracted more and more attention from vehicles and tire manufacturers.The use of sound-absorbing materials to reduce cavity resonance noise has been proven by many scholars as an effective method.Therefore,this article uses experiments and simulation analysis methods to explore the influence of sound-absorbing materials on tire cavity resonance noise.In order to study the effect of sound-absorbing materials on tire cavity resonance,ordinary foam materials,sound-absorbing materials,polyester materials,melamine materials and rubber and plastic materials were selected to carry out tire force transmission rate test,free fall noise test,drum noise test and integral vehicle road noise test.Studies have shown that force transmission rate can be used to characterize tire cavity resonance noise;on this basis,the effect of sound-absorbing materials on tire cavity resonance is compared and analyzed.The results show that the melamine material has the most obvious suppression effect on resonance noise.The tire cavity resonance noise simulation model was established using ABAQUS,HYPREMESH and LMS Virtual lab software,and the influence of the thickness,density,flow resistance,porosity,and pore size of the melamine porous material on the cavity resonance noise was studied by the acoustic finite element method.The results show that the greater the porosity of the material,the lower the noise value;there is a thickness and density value with a better noise reduction effect;the change of flow resistance and pore size has no obvious influence on cavity noise.A composite sound-absorbing material structure to reduce cavity resonance noise is proposed,and the sound absorption coefficients of three composite sound-absorbing structures are discussed through the acoustic-electrical analogy theory;the composite sound-absorbing material structure layout is studied using the tire cavity resonance acoustics simulation model The influence of form on cavity resonance noise;and the effect of the air gap between the sound-absorbing material and the inner wall of the tire in the composite structure on the noise is studied through the multi-layer interior module in the Virtual lab software.The results show that the sound absorption coefficient of the perforated plate-sound-absorbing material-air gap composite structure is the highest,but changing the aperture,pitch,and thickness of the perforated plate has little effect on the sound absorption coefficient of the composite structure;the composite absorber is used at the tire contact surface.The acoustic material structure can achieve a more excellent noise reduction effect,and the noise reduction effect is the best with a 10 mm and 30 mm air gap between the sound-absorbing material and the inner wall.