Study On Ordered Charging Strategy Of Electric Vehicle Based On Stackelberg Game Theory

With the development of society and science,the demand and consumption of energy in various countries become higher and higher.The electric vehicle(EV)has been widely promoted by the advantages of saving energy and protecting environmental.However,the disorderly charging behavior of large-scale EVs will have an adverse impact on the grid and road traffic systems.Thus,it’s essential to realize the optimal scheduling of EVs’ connecting to power grid.To deal with the problems above,this paper has carried out in-depth research on the orderly charging strategy of EVs based on the Stackelberg Game theory.In view of the problem of insufficient consumption of renewable energy in distribution network,this paper considers the improvement of flexible resources of electric vehicles and energy storage devices,a Stackelberg Game model based on the orderly charging strategy of EVs in photovoltaic charging station is established.In this model,an aggregate time of-use price strategy is introduced to guide EV users to orderly charge.Further,considering the fast charging demand of large-scale driving EVs,a Stackelberg Game model based on the fast charging demand of large-scale driving charging strategy of EVs is established.On the one hand,this model optimizes the transportation system.On the other hand,this model takes the comprehensive cost of EV users and the income of charging station agents into consideration.The specific research content of this paper mainly includes the following three aspects:(1)The research status of EVs and their network access technology,and the theoretical basis of game theory used in grid optimization scheduling is introduced firstly.Then,the driving characteristics of EV users are analyzed based on the driving law.Further,the EVs’ load model of disordered charging is established by the Monte Carlo algorithm.The load model and introduction above provide an important basis for the study on EVs’ orderly charging strategy,and the analysis of grid safe and stable operation.(2)In view of the problem of insufficient consumption of renewable energy in distribution network,a Stackelberg Game model based on the orderly charging strategy of EVs in photovoltaic charging station is established.Then,considering the charging demand,conventional load and interaction between EV distributed power supply and electricity price,an aggregate time of-use price model is proposed.Further,this model is linearized by KKT condition,dual theorem and linear relaxation technique.And then,this model is solved by the introduced Beetle Antennae two-dimensional iterative algorithm.Finally,the effectiveness and superiority of charging strategy model and electricity price model are verified by simulation.(3)Considering the fast charging demand of large-scale driving EVs,a Stackelberg game model based on the fast charging demand of large-scale driving charging strategy of EVs is established.This model includes EVs,charging stations,road traffic systems,and power grids.Besides,this model takes the impact of dynamic EVs power consumption on charging station selection into consideration.Secondly,the Beetle Antennae two-dimensional iterative algorithm is improved to solve the linearized Stackelberg Game model.Finally,this model is analyzed by SIMULINK based on the analysis of dynamic EVs’ power consumption.The simulation results compare and analyze the traffic congestion status,quantity of the charging EV in charging station,network loss,income of the charging station agents,travel time cost,queuing time cost and purchase cost between the proposed Stackelberg Game charging mode and nearby charging mode.Thus,effectiveness and superiority of the proposed charging strategy are verified by simulation.