Study On Evaluation Methods Of Multi-dimensional Accessibility Of Urban Parks

At present,my country is in the middle and late stages of urbanization development.How to reflect the concept of"people-oriented"in planning work and enhance residents’sense of gain,happiness and security has become an important issue of the times.From the perspective of urban planning,it can be transformed into a question of how to improve the leisure benefits of urban public spaces.Urban parks are open spaces that are closer to the natural ecosystem in the city,and bear the social responsibility of meeting residents’leisure and recreation needs and promoting public health.Under the realistic background that the leisure benefits of urban parks are getting more and more attention,we should deeply analyze whether the functional services of urban parks are effective,and provide a direct basis for the optimization of the layout of the park and the improvement of functions through the scientific and systematic evaluation of the urban parks.In fact,urban parks can provide more residents with non-contact visual and psychological services,and the service coverage and population are more extensive.However,the traditional traffic accessibility evaluation does not pay attention to the impact of residents’perception on accessibility.Therefore,it is impossible to comprehensively evaluate the benefits of urban parks in the surrounding areas,leading to a separation of the accessibility evaluation results from reality.Therefore,the accessibility evaluation of urban parks needs to be improved urgently.This paper proposes a multi-dimensional accessibility evaluation system for urban parks,draws on the network analysis method in the evaluation of traffic accessibility,constructs a visibility analysis method for visual accessibility and a POE spatial evaluation method for psychological accessibility,and then based on the park and its surroundings.Factors such as the degree of development and construction of the area are weighted and superimposed on the accessibility of each dimension to obtain a comprehensive evaluation result of multi-dimensional accessibility.In this paper,three urban parks in the main urban area of Chongqing are used as empirical cases.According to the15-minute living circle,1km around the park is determined as the research scope.For the evaluation results of traffic accessibility,in the three levels(0-5min],(5-10min],（10-15min）,the area of the accessible service area of Shaping Park accounts for 21%and 28%,51%,the accessibility service area of Longtousi Park accounts for9%,30%,and 61%,and the accessibility service area of Caiyunhu wetland Park accounts for 18%,35%,and 47%.Shaping Park,The accessibility service area of Caiyunhu wetland Park is evenly distributed in all directions,and the service area of Longtousi Park is mainly concentrated in the north and south areas.For the evaluation results of visual accessibility,the visible areas of Caiyunhu wetland Park V_2Dand V_3D are 2.83 km2and 2.99 km2,respectively,and the visible areas of Longtousi Park V_2Dand V_3D are 2.16 km2and 1.76 km2,respectively.Shaping Park V_2Dand V_3D The visible area is 1.22km2and 0.59km2.The V_3D visible area of the Caiyunhu wetland Park has increased,indicating that measures such as controlling the height of buildings and building combinations can improve visual accessibility.As for the evaluation results of psychological accessibility,the scores of Shaping Park,Longtou Temple Park,and Caiyunhu wetland Park are 5.27,5.17,and 5.21.The areas with high psychological accessibility in Longtousi Park and Caiyunhu wetland Park are concentrated,while the areas with high psychological accessibility in Shaping Park are relatively scattered.In addition,the three factors of age,occupation and income have a greater impact on the psychological accessibility of urban residents.For the evaluation results of multi-dimensional accessibility,the comprehensive scores of Shaping Park,Longtou Temple Park,and Caiyunhu wetland Park are 2.70,4.15,and 4.61.The higher values of the multi-dimensional accessibility of Shaping Park and Longtousi Park have the distribution characteristics of"biased agglomeration",and the higher values of Caiyunhu wetland Park are"concentric circle"distribution characteristics.The evaluation of the multi-dimensional accessibility of urban parks,on the one hand,objectively evaluates the public’s accessibility to the park,and on the other hand,comprehensively evaluates its comprehensive accessibility and service efficiency for urban parks in different stages of development and construction.To improve the multi-dimensional accessibility of urban parks,it is recommended to improve the travel service system to ensure the fairness of traffic accessibility,enhance the perception of multiple perspectives to enhance psychological accessibility,and promote the sharing of landscape resources to enhance visual accessibility.Sense of gain.