Research On The Space Composition Of Tanyao Five Grottoes

The Yungang Grottoes span more than 1,000 meters from east to west.It is one of the four largest grottoes in China and a world cultural heritage.It has great research and utilization value.As the material space carrier of cultural heritage,the grotto presents the spatial characteristics of uniqueness,diversity and integration.From the perspective of space science,this article analyzes and studies the space structure of the Five Caves of Tan Yao as a case.Although scholars at home and abroad have comprehensively researched and summarized the Yungang Grottoes,there are very few studies systematically exploring the Yungang Tanyao Five Grottoes from the perspective of the spatial composition of the grottoes.The essence of space composition is a means of clarifying the interrelationship of various elements in space.From the perspective of the research procedure,the "Study on the Spatial Composition of the Five Tanyao Caves" is based on the analysis and interpretation of the individual caves(including the architectural space of the grottoes and the spatial relationship between the sculptures in the caves)and the spaces between the cave groups.The cave space of Tanyao Five Grottoes is the research object,with field surveys and historical data and image analysis as the information support and source,starting from the historical and cultural background,the spatial composition of the grottoes,and the spatial feeling and characteristics of the grottoes,in the exploration and analysis Based on the three parts,the characteristics of the space composition of the five caves of Tanyao are summarized;from the research materials,this article uses different types of historical evidence and data to collect the cave bodies and caves of the "Tanyao Five Grottoes".The field survey data,pictures,and basic related documents of Yungang in the inner space are mainly used,as well as various documents related to the grotto space and anthropological survey reports as supplements.Specifically,this article uses the existing Tanyao Five Caves as the actual basis for the research,and then specifically expands the following three aspects: First,from a macro perspective,it considers the historical background of the formation of the Tanyao Five Caves.The cave is a product of the combination of politics and religion in the Northern Wei Dynasty,and it is a manifestation of multi-ethnic and multi-cultural integration.The study of this period of history will help us to clarify the important factors influencing the formation of the Tanyao Five Grottoes from a cultural perspective;the second is From a meso-level perspective,focusing on the internal space of the Five Caves of Tanyao,analyzing the spatial factors such as points,lines,and surfaces in the space,from surface to body to form the spatial form of the Five Caves of Tanyao,and then to the spatial form of the Five Caves of Tanyao.Analyze,summarize the space types of Tanyao Five Grottoes,and combine the aesthetic principles to get the beauty of the form of the space composed of Tanyao Five Grottoes;thirdly,at the microscopic level,people’s vision and feelings are introduced into the cave space by analyzing the space in the cave space.Composition,and then derive three parallel spaces that affect the formation of the sense of space: physical space,psychological space,and perception space.Finally,it is also the summary part,and draws the characteristics of the space composition of the five caves of Tanyao-a blend of different regional cultures,but all unified in the spirit of Buddhism and the creation of a religious ideal world in the grottoes,and the architecture is in harmony with gods and humans.One,a comprehensive space of uniqueness,diversity and integration.From the perspective of interpretation,the research method of this article emphasizes the importance of "spatial composition" and "spatial perception".At the same time,for the purpose of explanation,this article uses "pictures" in the language,and strives to be based on pictures and texts.The research method of this paper systematically and comprehensively reveals the "spatial relationship" and "spatial composition" of the Five Grottoes of Tan Yao,hoping to have a more complete understanding of Yungang School and the spatial form of Yungang Grottoes.