The Difference Between The Planning And The Morphological Evolution Of The Settlements In The Mountain Type Famous Scenic Area And Motivation Analysis

The large number of settlements is one of the important features of Chinese famous scenic areas(hereinafter referred to as scenic areas).When demarcating the borders of scenic areas,it is inevitable to include many settlements.The resulting special plan of social regulation and control for residents is based on the protection of scenic resources.It mainly puts forward regulatory requirements on the population size,settlement scale and economic development in scenic areas.The building types of the settlements and the surrounding environmental land have been overall controlled in the special plan of tour facility and the special plan of land use.However,in the process of the actual development of scenic areas,under the tide of tourism development,the coordination of the natural environment and settlements has become a common problem in scenic areas in China.There are many phenomena that are contrary to the plan during the spatial development and actual management of the settlements.For a long time,research on scenic areas is hysteretic in China.Scholars mostly conduct research from the perspective of macro-system and case analysis,and pay little attention to the study of the general development law of settlements’ form.The settlement in the scenic area is a high-level combination of historical culture,natural environment,and artificial features.It is very urgent and necessary to use morphological methods to study the morphological development and evolution of the settlement in the scenic area.Firstly,154 settlements in 5 national famous scenic areas are used as research samples to conduct a situation survey and summary.The types and proportions of the differences between the actual spatial morphology development and planning of settlements are obtained.Then,starting from the 1960 s and extending to the present,the period of morphological evolution of settlements is divided into three typical morphological periods,and a detailed morphological study of 23 samples with typical differences from the planning is carried out.The research framework is the outline of village morphology,supplemented by computer analysis methods to explore the development and changes of the settlement in the scenic area and the reasons for its differentiation from the planning.Next,comparing the cases in the same period horizontally to discover the causes of diversified characteristics,and summarizes the common law of the morphological evolution of settlements in scenic areas,so as to explore the driving force of morphological evolution,and provides some feedback for the formulation and subsequent management of planning.