Research On The Influence Of Spatial Scale On The Public Transport Equity Evaluation

As an important public facility serving the city,the public transportation system plays an important role in promoting the process of city development.With the process of urbanization continues to accelerate and the scale of city continues to expand,whether the city public transportation system can meet people’s travel needs and whether the allocation of public transportation resources is reasonable has become the focus of the government and urban planners.In this context,how to measure the equity of public transportation services accurately and effectively and whether the distribution of public transportation resources is reasonable is particularly important.This paper aims to study the impact of spatial scale on the evaluation of public transportation equality,providing a test or basis for the selection of equity evaluation parameters,and provide new ideas for scientifically and reasonably evaluating the equity of the public transportation system.This paper takes HN city as an example,starting with "spatial scales" to study its impact on public transportation equity evaluation.First,build an equity evaluation model based on the bus stop accessibility model and Gini coefficient.Secondly,divide the HN city into 11 types of hexagonal grids with sides ranging from 500m to 1500m in increments of 100m,and obtain the equity results under different spatial scales.Third,500m-scale spatial units are selected,and the bus stop coverage radius is selected as 400m,600m,800m and 1000m,and the equity results under the influence area of different sites are obtained.Finally,starting from the MAUP scale effect on the equity evaluation process,an improved site accessibility method and population measurement method are proposed to reduce the impact of spatial scale on the equity evaluation process.The results showed that:When the spatial scale gradually increased from 500m to 1500m,the Gini coefficient showed a gradual decrease overall,with an average rate of change of 2.20%and an overall rate of change of 17.55%.On the other hand,after the bus stop accessibility method was improved,the Gini coefficient still showed a gradual decrease overall,with an average change rate of 0.92%and an overall change rate of 7.48%.Compared with the Gini coefficient considering the spatial transfer factor,the average rate of change is 4.21%lower than that without this factor,and the overall rate of change is lowered by 5.03%.The research shows that:(1)The increase in spatial scale will tend to reduce the degree of inequality.This is mainly achieved by changing the accessibility level of people with lower levels of accessibility in the region.(2)After improving the accessibility method,its sensitivity to spatial scales is reduced:the average change rate of Gini coefficient is reduced by 58.18%,and the overall change rate is reduced by 57.38%.(3)The equity evaluation that considers passenger spatial transfer factors can better reflect the level of resource distribution and reduce the impact of scale effects.Therefore,the impact of spatial scale on the equity results should be paid attention to when conducting public transportation equity analysis.