Research On Routing Optimization Problem Of Rural E-commerce Logistics Based On The "Truck + Drone" Model

With the continuous improvement of rural economic level,rural Internet consumption is increasing year by year,and rural e-commerce industry is developing rapidly.However,the "last kilometer" of rural e-commerce logistics is faced with the problems of imperfect infrastructure construction and high logistics cost.The logistics problem has become the biggest obstacle to the development of rural e-commerce.The emergence of drones provides a new mode for logistics distribution,but it has some limitations to undertake distribution business alone,due to its load and continuous mileage constraints.This model combines truck’ characteristics of large load and large truck mileage and drone’ advantages that not limited by geographical environment,which provides a new solution to the problem of rural e-commerce logistics distribution.Based on the hot issue of "last kilometer" of rural e-commerce logistics,this paper studies the routing optimization problem in the joint distribution of truck drone(truck-drone routing problem,TDRP).A mathematical model is established for the TDRP,based on the background analysis,aiming at minimizing the total cost.The model includes truck and drone load limit,drone mileage constraint,drone and truck time coordination and space cooperation constraints.In the model,we consider the customer nodes in the remote area,which are difficult for some trucks to serve,and the demand for delivery in the uplink of agricultural products and the downlink of industrial products,which makes the model more close to the reality of rural areas.The feasibility of the model is proved by solving a small scale example.A genetic algorithm suitable for TDRP solution is designed in this paper,and some example analysis experiments are designed.The results show that: compared with pure truck distribution,the "truck drone" joint distribution model can achieve about 57% and 8% cost savings in remote rural areas(where there are remote customer points)and plain rural areas(where there are no remote customer points).At the same time,compared with pure truck distribution,the combined distribution of "truck drone" in rural e-commerce logistics scenario can save about 71.08% of the time on average.The effect of unmanned airborne weight and range on cost is verified by sensitivity analysis experiment.The proposed model and algorithm can provide a reference for the routing selection of "truck drone" joint distribution,and provide a theoretical basis for the popularization and application of "truck drone" distribution mode.