Parking Pricing Calculation Based On Traffic Network Equilibrium

With the rapid development of urban motorization,parking problem has become a common urban traffic problem.The parking problem is not only caused by insufficient supply,but to a large extent by unreasonable and unfair parking charging policies.At the same time,when setting the parking charge price standard,the large and medium-sized cities generally implement the parking price regulation.This regulation leads to the imbalance between the supply and demand of parking space resources,makes the parking problem difficult to be effectively solved,and even affects the operation of urban dynamic traffic system.In addition,the emergence of connected cars makes parking demand more flexible.Therefore,making a scientific and reasonable parking pricing is of great practical significance to guide parking decision,relieve parking pressure and release road resources.In order to establish a reasonable parking pricing,this paper summarizes the related theories of parking pricing and traffic balance of road network,considers the characteristics of the actual road network comprehensively,and extends the parking pricing calculation method based on traffic network equilibrium.The specific content is as follows:(1)In view of the problem that the restriction of road capacity is not considered in the existing research work,a simple extended parking pricing calculation hybrid complementary model based on the user equilibrium of road capacity restriction is proposed.The model takes into account the capacity limit of the road,and introduces the corresponding delay time variable,which extends the original model to a more general case and modifies the existing research work.A case study using the Zurich network shows that the limit of road capacity can not be ignored,that is,the improved method in this paper is necessary,otherwise part of the calculation results may be extremely unreasonable.(2)Aiming at the hybrid traffic network with the co-existence of Connected Vehicle(CV)and non-connected Vehicle(nCV),a hybrid complementary model based on general parking pricing is proposed.In this model,actual traffic network characteristics,such as road capacity restriction,asymmetric network and elastic demand,were incorporated into the model.A mixed equilibrium problem considering system optimization and user equilibrium was established,and a comparative analysis was made between the model in(1)and the case study.The proposed model can effectively evaluate parking pricing under complex conditions such as elastic demand changes and traffic network mixed equilibrium.(3)Based on the same case,five types of parking pricing strategies are compared and analyzed under different models.It is found that the existing charging policy is unreasonable.By appropriately changing the current fixed parking charging method with low roadside parking pricing and high off-road parking pricing,the parking charging strategy with off-road or in-road parking demand response can effectively adjust the parking demand structure and improve the operation efficiency of the traffic network.The research results of this paper can be applied to the formulation of parking pricing strategies in various cities,which can balance the supply and demand of parking to a certain extent,alleviate parking pressure,and release road traffic resources.