Risk Assessment And Regulating Strategies Of Respiratory Infection In Public Space

The outbreak of the COVID-19 in 2020 once again triggered the city planning and designers’ reflection on urban health problems.As the main place for daily contact and communication,urban public space is also an important source of urban vitality.How to scientifically evaluate the risk of respiratory infection in public space,is the basis of strengthening urban risk early warning and improving epidemic prevention ability of cities.This paper carries out a practical study on Dashiqiao City,Liaoning Province,and taking the COVID-19 as an example,the risk assessment method of respiratory infection in urban public space is proposed.Firstly,according to the relevant literature.The key parameter in the modle,the number of potential infected persons,was determined by obtaining the population thermal monitoring data.According to the urban spatial morphological parameters and meteorological monitoring data,the ventilation capacity of urban space was evaluated and the local wind speed was calculated,and combined with the human respiratory parameters and effective influence range,another key parameter-space ventilation was calculated.On this basis,the study area is divided into 50 m grid by GIS software.The risk of infection was calculated and the spatial distribution of the risk was analyzed.Then,the factors influencing the risk of respiratory tract infection were studied by multi-modal simulation,and the correlation between these factors and the risk of respiratory tract infection was further analyzed by SPSS software.The results show that the degree of correlation between them is as follows: exposure time > number of population> average background wind speed > human body distance,from which we can infer the human contact intensity and local microclimate influenced by urban morphology are the key factors to determine the risk of respiratory infection.In addition,by comparing the respiratory infection intensity of different types of land,it is found that Residential land and Adminstration and Public Services land are the two types of urban land with the highest risk level in study area,which should be controlled during the epidemic period.Finally,in order to reduce the risk of respiratory infection in urban public space,specific control strategies and optimization schemes are put forward from three aspects of planning and design,individual health and urban management.This study can further divide the risk level of urban public space,provide scientific basis for epidemic prevention planning and intervention and the safety of public activities,and provide technical support and innovative ideas for improving the early warning,assessment and regulation of urban public space.