Research On Super Hydrophobic Anti-icing Nano-ZnO/SiO₂ Composite Coating For Wind Turbine Blade

In autumn and winter,the wind turbine blades are often shut down because of the low temperature in the high-altitude mountains of southern China.Wind turbine blade icing has become one of the focuses of wind power industry.Therefore,it is very important to study an efficient,economical and environment-friendly anti-icing method.At present,coating deicing is an important research direction to solve the problems of wind turbine blade icing.The surface structure and surface energy of the coating are changed by the preparation process and surface modification,so that the hydrophobicity of the coating surface is changed.Therefore,it will reduce the adhesion of ice on the coating surface,so as to delay or prevent the icing of the coating surface.In this paper,two kinds of superhydrophobic and anti-icing nano ZnO/SiO₂ Composite Coatings for wind turbine blades were designed and prepared by combining the structural technology and surface modification method of superhydrophobic surface.（1）The surface modification mechanism of super hydrophobic and anti-icing nano ZnO/SiO₂ composite coating on wind turbine blade was studied by using droplet hydrophobicity test and infrared spectrum detection.The results show that:heptadecafluorodecyltriethoxysilane（FAS-17）successfully reduced the surface energy of ZnO particles,making the hydrophilic hydroxyl groups on the surface replaced by FAS molecules,showing excellent superhydrophobic properties.（2）The anti-icing performance of multi-scale ZnO/SiO₂ micro nano superhydrophobic coating was studied under different temperature and humidity.The results show that under the condition of 60%humidity and-2℃,-10℃ and-20℃,compared with the untreated slide,the super hydrophobic coating of multi-scale ZnO/SiO₂ micro/nano particles could delay the freezing for 2246s,1511s and 124s,respectively.Under the condition of-10℃ and 60%humidity,the coating delayed icing for 120s in dynamic icing experiment.The mechanical wear resistance of the coating was studied.The results show that the contact angle（CA）of the coating increased from 153°to 141°and the rolling angle（SA）was 3.3°to 6.8°.It had excellent wear resistance.（3）The surface modification of superhydrophobic and anti-icing nano Zno/SiO₂ films by magnetron sputtering with different modifiers was studied.The results show that FAS-17 has the best modification effects on the superhydrophobic and anti icing nano ZnO/SiO₂ film coating prepared by magnetron sputtering,and the liquid gas composite contact area ratio of the coating surface reaches 94.38%.（4）The droplet anti-icing properties of superhydrophobic nano ZnO/SiO₂ film coating prepared by magnetron sputtering under different temperature and humidity were studied.The results show that under the conditions of 60%humidity and-2℃,-10℃ and-20℃,compared with the untreated glass slide,the coating delayed freezing for 2446s,1604s and 137s,respectively.Under the condition of-10℃ and 60%humidity,the coating delayed icing for 120s in dynamic icing experiment.Compared with the glass slide,the film coating has a good effect of delaying icing in different angles of icing experiment,and the icing condition of the film coating is inversely proportional to the angle.