Research On R＆D Efficiency Of Listed Construction Enterprises Based On DEA Malmquist

As the basic pillar industry of the national economy,there are more than 110000 construction enterprises in China and they are on the rise.At present,the construction industry is entering a new era of innovative development with intelligent construction technology as the construction mode,digital to promote comprehensive transformation and green to achieve sustainable development.Innovative development has led the development of the construction industry to become the "keyword" of the industry.Especially with the gradual depletion of "demographic dividend",innovative development has increasingly become the key source for the construction industry to obtain competitive advantage.However,on the whole,the R＆D capability of most construction enterprises is not ideal,and the phenomenon of redundant R＆D capital investment and insufficient output has always existed.In view of the fact that listed construction enterprises are the advanced representatives and pacesetters of the industry and the backbone force to promote the high-quality development of the construction industry,their innovation.and development is of great practical significance to the development of the whole industry and represents the innovation and development vitality of the industry to a certain extent,this study takes listed construction enterprises as the research sample,uses DEA Malmquist decomposition index model,R＆D capital investment,R＆D expenditure intensity Taking R＆D human input,enterprise scale,personnel scale,number of highly educated employees,salary input and salary intensity as input indicators,and patent output,income output,profit output and performance output as output indicators,this paper measures and analyzes the comprehensive technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency,scale efficiency and total factor productivity of 104 listed enterprises in different sub industries of the construction industry from 2016 to 2020.It is found that in the analysis results of the sample enterprises,the two indexes of comprehensive technical efficiency and pure technical efficiency increase first and then decrease in the calculation period,while the scale efficiency fluctuates and increases.Among them,the five-year average of comprehensive technical efficiency is 0.591,which is lower than 0.670 of scale efficiency and 0.867 of pure technical efficiency.About 25.96%of enterprises have an average scale efficiency of more than 1,reaching the optimal scale.From the results of Malmquist decomposition index of each index,the value of total factor productivity is greatly affected by scale efficiency in the calculation period.In addition,the average R＆D efficiency gap between different sub sectors of the construction industry is obvious.Among them,the gap between the technological progress index and total factor productivity index is an important reason for the low overall R＆D efficiency of the construction industry.Based on the experience and lessons of relevant enterprises in R＆D,this paper puts forward some suggestions for the future innovation and development of construction enterprises:first,improve the resource management mode,reduce redundancy and avoid extensive development;Second,pay attention to technological innovation,strengthen the combination of schools and enterprises,and learn from each other;Third,improve talent training,streamline R＆D team and improve development potential.