Research On The New Unified System Of Weights And Measures In Sichuan Province（1935-1946） ——Centering On The First Administrative Supervision Zone

Weights and measures refers to the folk market transactions and the daily use of people to measure the length of artifacts,weight and other instruments,in the process of social development,it is closely related to national,local and people’s lives.Through consulting relevant documents and files,this paper focuses on the issue of unified new system of weights and measures in Sichuan Province from 1935 to 1946,and studies the social background,preparation,implementation and effect.In the social background,in the early years of the Republic of China,due to the political turmoil,the system of measurement and measurement in all parts of the country（including Sichuan Province）was in chaos.It not only disturbed the normal market economic order,but also affected the government revenue and social credibility.In response,after the unification of Sichuan in 1935,the Sichuan Provincial Government carried out a certain degree of restructuring of the then chaotic system of weights and measures.Through the investigation of the First Administrative Inspector Zone,it is found that in the preparatory stage,the main tasks include training metrological inspectors.Determine the time of unification of the new system of weights and measures in Sichuan,set up the verification organization of the metrology,publicize the new measurement system and prohibit the manufacture and use of old measuring devices.In the implementation phase,the main work includes investigating the old machines,setting up factories to manufacture new machines,and verifying and checking the new machines.In the implementation of the effect,both affirmed the period in Sichuan Province in the unified new system of weights and measures management has made certain achievements.For example,the formation of a healthy and orderly trade market in Sichuan Province led to the enthusiasm of other provinces to implement the new system of weights and measures,which made outstanding contributions to the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression.It also points out that there are some problems,such as lack of funds for implementation,negative attitude of inspectors and violation of regulations.For example,some businessmen do not understand the government’s policy of unifying the new system of weights and measures,and even secretly resist and sabotage,so there have been a lot of illegal acts.The county government,the judicial organ and the local Baojia chiefs,who shoulder the responsibility of assisting the implementation of the new system of weights and measures,ignored the illegal acts of some businessmen.Not only compromise connivance,and even restrict the inspectors to implement the new system of weights and measures,but also increased the difficulties of Sichuan Province to unify the new measurement system.In this period,Sichuan Province failed to complete the unified plan of the new system of weights and measures.