Study On Optimization Of Indoor Thermal Environment Of Linear Atrium

As an important architectural form,atriums are common in various large-scale public buildings,providing natural lighting for buildings and creating a public space.Meanwhile,the structural characteristics of the atrium determine that it exerts an important impact on the thermal environment of the whole building.Linear atriums are a common form in such constructions as office buildings etc.However,there is a lack of systematic research on what atrium structure parameters should be adopted to obtain the final indoor thermal environment and on its impact upon the energy consumption of buildings.Therefore,taking the linear atrium as the research object and a combined method of DeST simulation calculation,theoretical calculation,and CFD simulation calculation,the paper conducts the researches on the change of thermal environment and energy consumption of buildings from the following three aspects.(1)With the organic combination of DeST simulation calculation,theoretical calculation,and CFD simulation calculation,the lack of boundary conditions in researches with an independent method was addressed.The DeST method was employed to analyze the thermal environment of atriums,and the relation between the geometric parameters of the atrium and the indoor temperature was obtained and so is the optimal geometric parameters of the linear atrium.Besides,the influence of the above geometric parameters on the air-conditioning load was also analyzed.What’s more,taking the calculation result of DeST as the boundary condition,the theoretical calculation of the natural ventilation of the linear atrium was conducted to elaborate the influence of different atrium geometric parameters on the heat pressure,neutralization surface,and ventilation wind speed of the building.Additionally,the results of DeST and theoretical calculation were applied to CFD simulation to calculate the airflow distribution of the atrium and its surrounding rooms,and thus the relation between the geometric parameters and the thermal environment of rooms was further clarified.(2)The physical and mathematical models of the linear atrium were established to analyze the indoor thermal environment and energy consumption,and thus the geometric parameters of atriums were determined,such as the height-to-width ratios,the cross-sectional shapes,and the positions and sizes of the window holes.The research findings showed that for atriums without air-conditioning,the thermal comfort temperature was optimal when the height-to-width ratio of the atrium was 1.71;for the atrium with air-conditioning,the air-conditioning load was the smallest and the energy consumption was the lowest when the height-to-width ratio was 1.15.In summer,the thermal environment of the linear A-shaped atrium was superior to that of the H-shaped atrium in terms of indoor temperature,indoor wind speed,and energy consumption.The thermal environment in the atrium was the most comfortable and energy-saving when the position of the window hole was about 1.5 m.When the window height was 2.1 m,the thermal comfort of the atrium was the best.(3)To enhance natural ventilation,this paper analyzed and calculated the effects of solar chimneys on natural ventilation,especially those of such factors as outlet temperature,height differences between inlets and outlets,and inlet and outlet area,etc.For the model in this paper,because the area of the air outlet was larger than0.775 m~2,it was more suitable to use the method of increasing the area of the air inlet and outlet without changing Ar to optimize the air volume.