Empirical And Evidence-based Study On The Relationship Between Built Environment And Health Activities In Old Danwei Units

Chronic diseases caused by urban public health problems affect a large number of people and reduce the residents’ sense of happiness,access and security,which has become one of the important problems in the sustainable development of cities all over the world.At present,solving the problem of chronic diseases is an important opportunity for the relink between urban planning and public health.By studying the relationship between environment and behavior,we can guide the renovation of the built environment,achieve the purpose of promoting health activities,and then find effective solutions to urban public health problems.Previous studies have shown that active space intervention on built environment and creating built environment for health promotion activities have many advantages,such as the feasibility of improvement,the long-term effect,the universality of benefiting people,the economy of social cost and so on.In China,most of the Old Danwei community at this stage can not keep up with the rapid development of the city,and the phenomenon of recession is common.It is difficult to provide comfortable and convenient built environment for residents,which leads to the lack of residents’ health activities to a certain extent,and then leads to a series of public health problems.However,the research on the relationship between built environment and health activities of the Old Danwei community in China is still in its infancy,and there are few empirical studies.There is also a lack of sufficient health evidence to support the implementation of the national strategy of "healthy China 2030".This study is based on the evidence-based design framework of "comprehensive survey → empirical impact → evidence-based countermeasures",using the "5D" model theory proposed by Cervero as the main theory of the study,taking the Old Danwei community in the Chengdu city center as an example,selecting 40,69 and 82 mailbox communities as the key survey objects,through GIS data crawling,community street office data collection,field questionnaire distribution and depth interviews were conducted to obtain the basic data of the built environment and health activities.Based on the data obtained,this study divided the built environment health influencing factors into 5 major items and 31 minor items from the perspectives of density,land use diversity,street design,destination accessibility and bus transfer distance,and incorporated these factors into the factor analysis model.After KMO test and Bartlet analysis,six main factors affecting health activities were found by model calculation,and then verified by meta analysis.Finally,the empirical analysis showed the following conclusions(1)The factors of facility accessibility,traffic safety,density,slow riding comfort,facility load and site load in built environment can be used as the representative information of built environment health influencing factors.The above six factors can effectively affect health activities,which is basically consistent with the results of meta analysis,but there are order of magnitude differences in the impact levels of specific factors.(2)Facility accessibility is the first level factor affecting health activities,traffic safety and density are the second level factors affecting health activities,and slow walking comfort,facility load and site load are the third level factors affecting health activities.Based on the above empirical analysis results,this study puts forward six evidence-based strategies,namely:(1)multi-level layout of facilities to increase facility diversity;(2)modular layout of facilities to improve facility accessibility;(3)re planning traffic lines to achieve effective use of space;(4)local micro renewal to enhance living comfort;(5)looking for the possibility of street widening and interface landscape beautify;(6)improve the load of facilities and sites,improve their utilization.As well as two policy recommendations,namely(1)build environmental material space transformation as the starting point to promote health activities;(2)key resources,policy orientation and facilities accessibility transformation.