Research On The Space Sound Field Of The Waiting Hall Of Highspeed Railway Station

At present,China is at the peak of high-speed rail construction,and a large number of high-speed rail station buildings are also being built along with the high-speed rail construction.In order to improve transfer efficiency,the construction of high-speed railway stations is developing in a three-dimensional direction.By arranging platforms and waiting halls in the same building,a “bridge-built integrated” three-dimensional parking lot is formed to shorten the transfer distance of passengers.As the main space of the station building,the waiting hall of high-speed railway station has huge space volume,high clearance,indoor ceiling,ground and wall are often made of hard acoustic materials,which leads to problems such as long reverberation time and prominent environmental noise.In addition,the improper setting of the electroacoustic system leads to the unclear listening of the voice information.With the increase of the speed of the train,the secondary structure noise becomes more and more serious.If the acoustic environment in the waiting hall is not properly controlled,the comfort of the passenger waiting environment will be affected.Under this background,it is an important topic to analyze the acoustic environment of high-speed railway station waiting hall and put forward control measures.Firstly,by combing the spatial and acoustic characteristics of the waiting hall of high-speed railway station,this paper introduced the influence of the scale,type,shape,top surface,decoration and other factors on the acoustic environment of the waiting hall,and defined the sound field parameters and sound source types that should be focused on in the acoustic research of the waiting hall of high-speed railway station.Then,in view of the fact that there was no specific acoustic design specification for the waiting hall of high-speed railway stations at present,and there was a lack of an objective and scientific index to evaluate the acoustic effect in the design practice and inspection,this paper proposed the suggested value of acoustical control index for the waiting hall based on the literature and measured data: volume ≤1 million m~3,reverberation time ≤4 s;volume > 1 million m~3,reverberation time ≤5.5 s;speech articulation ≥0.45;signal-to-noise ratio ≥15d B(A);and ambient noise including crowd noise ≤70d B(A).The above suggested acoustic control values provided a reference for the acoustic environment simulation analysis and control optimization of the waiting hall.Then,the waiting hall of Xiong’an Station was selected as the research object,and the research work on indoor sound field characteristics and secondary structure noise was carried out.Firstly,Odeon software was used to simulate the indoor sound field,and the effects of sound absorption scheme and directivity of sound source on reverberation time and speech articulation were discussed,the control measures of “Adopting proper sound-absorbing material,increasing sound-absorbing interface and adopting strong directional loudspeaker” were put forward.Secondly,a simplified prediction method of secondary structure noise was proposed.Actran software was used to simulate the secondary structure noise in the waiting hall,and the secondary structure noise values under different traffic conditions were discussed.The influence of secondary structure noise was evaluated by using the noise evaluation number,and the control measures of "vibration isolation and noise reduction,damping noise reduction and sound absorption noise reduction" were proposed.Finally,field investigation was carried out for the waiting hall of xiong’an station,and the actual acoustic environment effect was evaluated subjectively and objectively.To sum up,the proposed acoustic control index values of waiting hall of high-speed railway station,the preliminary analysis of indoor sound field characteristics and acoustic characteristics of secondary structure noise,the proposed sound field prediction method and prediction process and noise reduction measures can provide a useful reference for the research and engineering practice of sound environment improvement of waiting hall of high-speed railway station in China.