Study On The Value Evaluation Of Classical Gardens From The Perspective Of Heritage Revitalization

Suzhou classical garden is a precious heritage preserved in history,and its unique landscape form and garden art techniques have attracted the attention of many scholars.However,with the accelerating process of urbanization,classical gardens are gradually out of balance between tourism development,heritage protection and inheritance.Therefore,General Secretary Xi Jinping puts forward the cultural heritage protection thought of "making cultural relics collected in the Forbidden Palace,heritage displayed on the vast land,and characters written in ancient books come alive".Based on the theories related to classical gardens,landscape evaluation and heritage reuse,this study defines the object,purpose and significance of the research,and sorts out the research emphases and the latest progress in each subject area.Then,in view of the problems in the construction of landscape evaluation system,such as the difficulty in hierarchical classification,the difference in perspectives,and the difficulty in quantifying the survey results,the literature research method,field investigation method,expert evaluation method,analytical hierarchy process and other research means were adopted to establish the classical garden landscape evaluation model.Nine gardens in Suzhou(Humble Administrator’s Garden,The Lingering Garden,The Lion Forest Garden,The Canglang Pavilion,The Master-of-Nets Garden,Mountian Villa of Secluded Beauty,The Couple’s Garden Retreat,The Garden of Cultivation,and Tuisi Garden)were empiricly studied.The details are as follows:(1)Construction of landscape evaluation system.By means of expert consultation and data analysis,an evaluation system of 27 evaluation indexes was constructed from five aspects of landscape aesthetic value,heritage value,social value,environmental value and economic value.In the criterion layer,the weight of aesthetic value is the highest,the weight of heritage and social value is the second,and the weight of economic and social value is the lowest.In the factor layer,the authenticity of gardens,spatial pattern,techniques,site selection,elements(water management,architecture,stacked mountains,flowers and trees)also have a greater weight.(2)Evaluation and analysis of Suzhou landscape.After the index weight was obtained,9Suzhou gardens were scored.The result shows that the comprehensive evaluation results of landscape value of Humble Administrator’s Garden,The Lingering Garden,The Canglang Pavilion and The Master of the Nets Garden are at the "excellent" level,and that of The Lion Forest Garden,Mountian Villa of Secluded Beauty,The Couple’s Garden Retreat,The Garden of Cultivation and tuisi garden are at the "good" level.Among them,the development of Lion Grove is unbalanced in terms of visual environment quality,the linkage benefits of the Art Garden and the Huanxiu Villa in the surrounding heritage,the identity of Tuisi Garden in the classical garden,and the environmental quality of Canglang Pavilion and the Net Teacher Garden.Then,according to the advantages and disadvantages of each garden,this paper puts forward the corresponding heritage activation strategies: 1.Publicize and protect the history and culture.Based on the authenticity of the garden,the heritage monitoring system should be perfected to develop its artistic atmosphere.2.Improve the quality of tourism products.Reset the functional space of the garden to ensure the opening of the touring space.And excavate the connotation of garden culture,reproduce the historical scene of garden.3.Develop heritage economy in a coordinated way,create an overall brand of gardens,cultivate the sense of identity of residents around gardens,and cultivate traditional technical talents by building research and tourism bases.This paper tries to present the abstract concept of landscape value to the public in a more intuitive and quantitative way by constructing a landscape evaluation model.It is expected to provide reference basis for the practice of "heritage activation" of classical gardens in the future,so as to realize the sustainable development of historical and cultural heritage.