Study On Indoor Thermal Environment And Air Quality Of Apartment Buildings In Shenzhen

As the global economy enters into high growth,long term rental apartments have received strong support from the state in recent years and are growing rapidly.The thermal and humid environment and air quality of apartments are receiving increasing attention,which significantly affects the comfort and health of indoor personnel.The current research on indoor thermal comfort is mainly focused on various building types such as shopping malls,school buildings,hospitals,offices and residential buildings in different climate zones,but there are fewer studies for apartment buildings,and also few studies related to indoor air quality involve indoor air microbial pollution.Therefore,this paper conducts a study on indoor thermal comfort and indoor air quality in apartment buildings in Shenzhen,which is a guide for the creation of indoor environmental quality in apartment buildings in Shenzhen.In this study,field tests and questionnaires were conducted in December 2020（winter）and March 2021（spring）and September 2021（summer）for the interior of apartment buildings in Shenzhen,and 863 questionnaires were collected,including403 in spring,238 in winter and 222 in summer.Firstly,by testing and statistically analyzing the indoor thermal and humid environment parameters and the subjective evaluation of the thermal environment by the indoor occupants in each season,we obtained the current situation of thermal comfort in the indoor environment of the apartments.The results show that the indoor thermal environment is generally perceived as warm in spring,and people expect a"cooler"environment.In winter,the thermal sensation of indoor occupants is warm,and the acceptable thermal sensation range of indoor occupants in winter is wide.In summer,the indoor temperature is high due to the high outdoor temperature,and the heat sensation voting is mainly focused on"warm"and"slightly warm".Secondly,the thermal comfort related indexes(PMV-PPD,T_OP,SET*,MTSV)were used to evaluate and analyze the indoor thermal comfort of the apartments,and the neutral operating temperature T_op,neutral standard effective temperature,and neutral PMV were determined for each season,which were 25.72℃,20.01℃and27.70℃for spring,winter,and summer apartments T_op neutral values,respectively;spring,winter,and The neutral values of SET*for spring,winter and summer apartments were 24.67℃,22.10℃and 26.88℃,respectively;the PMV for spring,winter and summer apartments were-0.03,-0.47 and 0.309,respectively.the acceptable operating temperature range of indoor in each season was solved by MTSV model and PPD model,and the results showed that the acceptable operating temperature range obtained by PDD model after analysis would The acceptable operating temperature range of indoor personnel was underestimated to some extent.Compared to the resulting thermoneutral operating temperature,the desired operating temperature for indoor occupants in the spring apartment was 3.52℃ lower than the thermoneutral operating temperature,the desired operating temperature for indoor occupants in the winter apartment was 0.66℃ higher than the thermoneutral operating temperature,and the desired operating temperature for indoor occupants in the summer apartment was 25.65℃.,and the desired operating temperature for summer apartment room occupants was 1.04℃ lower than the thermoneutral operating temperature.Thirdly,the statistics of the relevant parameters of indoor air quality tests were conducted,and the results showed that the 8-hour average TVOC concentrations of0.605mg/m³（spring）,0.39mg/m³（summer）and 0.530mg/m³（summer）were in accordance with the standard requirements,but the average indoor TVOC concentration was high in the transition season.The indoor colony count was also counted and the species species and species abundance were sequenced and analyzed,and it was found that in winter,Bacillus spp.was the dominant genus with an average relative abundance of 29.31±0.59%,followed by Bacillus hydrophila（21.6±0.21%）and Paracoccus spp.（14.91±0.12%）.In spring,Dictyostelium spp.was the most dominant genus with an average relative abundance of 66.21±0.18%,followed by Streptomyces spp.（15.54±0.33%）and Aspergillus spp.（13.5±0.32%）,while the number of bacterial and mold colonies in the apartment was much higher than the standard,and the indoor microbial contamination was more serious.The statistical analysis of the subjective evaluation of the indoor air quality at the same time showed that the acceptable rate of air quality for the indoor personnel of the apartments in all seasons was above 80%,while the satisfaction rate of indoor air quality was somewhat lower compared to the acceptable rate.Third,the statistics of the relevant parameters of indoor air quality tests were conducted,and the results showed that the8-hour average TVOC concentrations of 0.605 mg/m3（spring）,0.39 mg/m3（summer）and 0.530 mg/m3（summer）were in accordance with the standard requirements,but the average indoor T_VOC concentration was high in the transition season.The indoor colony count was also counted and the species species and species abundance were sequenced and analyzed,and it was found that in winter,Bacillus spp.was the dominant genus with an average relative abundance of 29.31±0.59%,followed by Bacillus hydrophila（21.6±0.21%）and Paracoccus spp.（14.91±0.12%）.In spring,Dictyostelium spp.was the most dominant genus with an average relative abundance of 66.21±0.18%,followed by Streptomyces spp.（15.54±0.33%）and Aspergillus spp.（13.5±0.32%）,while the number of bacterial and mold colonies in the apartment was much higher than the standard,and the indoor microbial contamination was more serious.The statistical analysis of the subjective evaluation of the indoor air quality at the same time showed that the acceptable rate of air quality for the indoor personnel of the apartments in all seasons was above 80%,while the satisfaction rate of indoor air quality was somewhat lower compared to the acceptable rate.Finally,the degree of influence of indoor environmental parameters and air quality parameters on indoor air quality was comprehensively analyzed,multi-factor regression analysis of indoor air quality was conducted using SPSS software,and the related IAQ model was established,and the assessment points applicable to the indoor thermal environment and air quality of apartment buildings in Shenzhen were summarized,which have certain It has some reference value for the evaluation of indoor thermal environment and air quality of apartment buildings in Shenzhen.