Design And Research Of The Air Separation Type Reclaimer For The Residual Film Of Plough Layer

As an effective agricultural production technology,mulching has been widely used.The function of plastic film mulching is to improve soil temperature,keep soil moisture,inhibit Weeds Growth,and increase crop yield.However,the long-term use of mulching technology has caused serious "white pollution".At present,there are many kinds of residual film recovery machines in China,but most of them are limited to the residual film recovery used in the same year,and there are problems such as twining of working parts,difficult separation of soil and straw,low recovery rate,etc.especially in the areas where the film spreading technology is used all the year round,the residual amount of the film in the soil plough layer is very large,which seriously affects the normal development and growth of crops,and is an obstacle to the sustainable development of agriculture.For this reason,11ms-2.0 type plough residual film recovery machine is designed to solve the technical problems of residual film recovery.Based on the theories of Agricultural Mechanics,mechanism and engineering mechanics,the design and research of the main working parts,such as the working parts of soil crushing,vibrating screening,pneumatic separation and conveying,and conveying device,are carried out.Using Auto CAD,PROE,matlab engineering software,the mechanism simulation and simulation,complete the whole machine design and structural modification.Main research conclusions:(1)The results showed that the content of residual film was 27.84% in 0-150 mm layer and 72.16% in150-300 mm layer.It can be seen that the content of residual membrane in the lower soil is relatively high.Through the test of separation performance by using different sizes of mesh screen,the results show that the actual separation rate of 6mmx6 mm mesh reaches 87.25%;5mmx5mm mesh screen,the actual separation rate reaches 92.07%;3mmx3mm mesh screen,the actual separation rate reaches 100%;after 20 years of continuous film planting in the experimental soil,basically no recovery measures have been taken,The theoretical content of residual film is 112 G per square meter.The results show that the amount of residual membrane in the soil with 300 mm or more plough layer and 3 mm x 3 mm sieve is 111.74 g,accounting for 99.77% of the theoretical residual membrane content.(2)Complete the design of the working parts,which are divided into the first stage and the second stage.The basic parameters are preliminarily determined,the plowing depth is 300 mm,the forward speed of the machine and tool is 1 km/h,the working width is 2 m,the power of the first level soil breaking working part is 10.87 kW,the power of the first level soil breaking working part is 8.1 kW,the number of blades of the first level soil breaking working part and the second level soil breaking working part is 62,and the rotating speed is 330 R/min.The blade specification of the first stage of the earth crushing work part is 245 mm,and the blade specification of the second stage of the earth crushing work part is 175 mm.The working process of the cutter is analyzed.(3)A two-stage reciprocating screen was used to separate the soil from the residual membrane.The first stage vibrating screening device has a screen surface width of 2m,a conveying capacity of 0.4t/s,an included angle of 25 ° between the screen and the horizontal plane,a screen vibration direction angle of49 °,an amplitude of 60,and a crank radius of 30 mm.The second stage vibrating screening device,the angle between the screen and the horizontal plane is 0°,the vibration direction angle of the screen is 29 °,the amplitude is 60,and the crank radius is 30 mm.The kinematic analysis and the theoretical analysis of the screening process of the reciprocating vibrating screen are carried out,and the principle design and the structural design are completed.(4)Complete the design and calculation of the centrifugal fan,determine the structural parameters and kinematic parameters of the centrifugal fan.The backward inclined circular arc blade is adopted,the number of blades is 6,the diameter of air inlet is 240 mm,the diameter of air outlet is 480 mm,and the shell form is volute.When the working speed n = 1200 R/min,the air volume of centrifugal fan is 4.96m~3/s.(5)The design of belt conveyor is completed,and the structure parameters and motion parameters are determined.The working width is 2m.When the working speed is 0.064 m/s,the conveying capacity is0.13t/s,which meets the requirements of material conveying.When the diameter of the wheel is 120 mm and the working speed is 60 R/min,the conveying capacity is 0.13 t/s.