Design And Test Of Small Electric Seeder For Millet Concentrate

In view of the problems of difficult sowing,large amount of sowing,low efficiency and poor uniformity of human and animal force sowing for small grain crops such as foxtail millet in hilly and mountainous areas,a small electric seeder using electromagnetic linear vibration seed metering device is developed according to the agricultural requirements of small amount of mechanized seed sowing,and its key parts are designed.According to the national standards,the seed metering device and seeder are designed Performance test.The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:(1)The design of the whole machine.Including the design of the power transmission system,control system,frame and other key parts of the seeder.In order to improve the service life and safety of the seeder,the static stress analysis and optimization of the frame are carried out by using the simulation module in Solid Works software.The simulation results show that the frame can meet the strength requirements.(2)Design of electromagnetic linear vibration seed metering device.It includes the design of key components such as seed metering board,seed tank,seed buffer tank and controller.In order to explore the effect of the amplitude of seed metering plate on seed velocity,the dynamic analysis of seeds in the process of seed metering was carried out,and the equation of the amplitude of seed metering plate on seed velocity was established.(3)In order to further explore the influence of the amplitude of the seed metering plate on the seed speed,and to provide reference for the selection of performance test parameters,the EDEM software is used to simulate the seed metering process.The results show that the larger the amplitude of the seed metering plate is,the faster the seed metering speed is,and the larger the seed metering amount is.When the amplitude of seed metering plate is less than 0.06 mm,the speed of seed movement is slow,and the seed is relatively still with the seed metering plate;when the amplitude is between 0.06 mm and 0.14 mm,the seed always contacts with the bottom of the seed metering tank for sliding;when the amplitude is more than 0.14 mm,the seed leaves the bottom of the seed metering tank for throwing.(4)According to the national standard GB / T 9478-2005 test method of grain drill,the performance test of electromagnetic linear vibration seed metering device is carried out.The experimental results show that when the cross section of the seed tank is rectangular,the stability of the discharge capacity of the seed metering device is the best;the operation speed is 0.8m/s,1.0m/s,1.2m/s respectively,and the corresponding amplitudes are 0.10 mm,0.12 mm and 0.14 mm respectively,the average number of seeds in each 100 mm section is 7.6,7.0 and 7.2 respectively,and the coefficient of variation of seed uniformity is ≤ 22.75%,which meets the national standard and grain The agronomic requirements of sowing seeds with small amount of semen.(5)In order to determine the best working parameters of the seeder,the central combination orthogonal test method was used to test the seeding performance of the seeder with the factors of the amplitude and working speed of the seed metering plate.The mathematical model of the average number of seeds and the coefficient of variation of the uniformity of seeding in each 100 mm section was established,and the influence of single factor effect and interaction on the seeding performance was analyzed.After parameter optimization,the optimum combination was determined as the amplitude of seed metering plate 109 μ m and the working speed of seeder 0.76 m/s.According to the parameter combination,the field sowing experiment was carried out and verified.The average number of seeds per 100 mm range was 7.8,the coefficient of variation of sowing uniformity was 19.64%,and the relative error with the predicted value was 1.28% and 4.98%,respectively.(6)The seeder can complete the working procedures of ditching,small-amount seeding,covering soil and pressing at one time.The parameters of sowing depth(0~10 cm),row spacing(20~40 cm)and working speed(0 ~1.2 m/s)are easy to adjust,and the working efficiency is 0.10~0.28 hm2/h.With electric power as the driving force,energy conservation and environmental protection can reduce labor intensity and improve labor efficiency.The seed metering device has the advantages of simple structure,convenient operation,easy adjustment of parameters,flexible seed metering by electromagnetic vibration force,stable and reliable performance.This research can be used for millet seed sowing in hilly and mountainous areas,and can provide reference for the design and parameter optimization of small electric seeder.