Effects Of Vermicompost On The Rhizosphere,Yield And Quality Of Tomato

In order to alleviate the soil physiochemical property deterioration,vegetable yield and quality degradation and other continuous cropping obstacles existing in the current facility vegetable production,this experiment took tomato as the test material to study the effect of vermicompost as organic fertilizer and substrate on soil physiochemical and biological properties,tomato growth,yield and quality.The main results are as follows:1.Effects of vermicompost on soil improvement and tomato yield and quality in facility continuous cropping.Three treatments were designed,which were control treatment(chemical fertilizer treatment),broadcast application and furrow application treatment.Compared with the control group,Vermicompost could improve the soil environment,significantly increase the content of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in the soil,and improve the soil fertility.The activities of sucrase,catalase and alkaline phosphatase in soil were significantly increased.The number of bacteria and actinomycetes in soil increased significantly,while the number of fungi decreased.The plant height,stem diameter,biomass,NPK content and photosynthetic and chlorophyll levels were increased.The yield of tomato treated with broadcast application and furrow application increased by 22.67% and 32.59%,respectively,and the fruit quality was improved obviously.It was found that the effect of furrow application was the best.2.Effects of vermicompost on the properties of cultivated substrate and yield and quality of tomato.Tomato was cultivated with vermicompost mixed with commercial culture substrate in different proportions(1:1,1:2,2:1,0:1,1:0)as substrate,and soil culture was used as control.Vermicompost addition to the culture substrate significantly increased the available nutrients and soil enzyme activity in the substrate.Tomato plant height,stem diameter,chlorophyll content and photosynthetic capacity increased significantly,and 2:1 treatment showed the best effect,the processing of tomato fruit polyphenols,flavonoids,soluble solids,soluble sugar,reducing Vc and titratable acid content were significantly higher than that of control,and nitrate content is obviously decrease,output increased by 123.17 %.3.The effects of vermicompost on the microbial community structure and diversity index of matrix were studied by high-throughput sequencing.The addition of vermicompost changed the bacterial community structure in the substrate,and the ratio of 2:1 treatment at the gate level increased Nitrospirae,Elusimicrobia,Acidobacteria,Verrucomicrobia and Gemmatimonadetes,increased help plants to grow and disease resistance of bacteria,such as class Nocardioides and Pseudomonas genus,increase the stability of the bacterial community,improves the community abundance and species diversity,optimize the bacterial community structure in the substrate,promote plant growth and metabolism.In terms of fungal community structure and diversity,the 2:1 ratio treatment reduced the relative abundance of Zygomycota and Chytridiomycota,decreased the abundance of harmful microbial community and species diversity,and was beneficial to inhibit the occurrence of diseases.