Effect Of Sowing Dates On Yield And Quality Of Spring Maize In Harbin

Heilongjiang Province possesses a special geographical location.Resource of optothermal is a crucial limiting factor for the corn production and Heilongjiang Province usually needs to start early to ensure the production of the corn.The spring planting time of the corn is very pivotal for the development of agricultural industry in Heilongjiang Province,which may affect the yield and quality of the corn.In order to further explore the affections of different sowing time on the yield and quality of corn in the area of Harbin,Heilongjiang Province,field test methods was used in this study and Xianyu 696,a commonly used breed in Harbin,was selected as the experimental material.The field trials were conducted at the proving ground of Harbin Science and Technology Park,Heilongjiang academy of agricultural sciences(Democratic To wnship in Harbin).Six broadcast schedules are set up in total and the broadcast schedule is kept identical during the two years.The detail broadcast schedules are listed as follow: T1(April 20),T2(April 24),T3(April 27),T4(May 4),T5(May 11)and T6(May 18).This research explored the the effects of different sowing dates on the quality the corn grain,the traits of the grain and ear,and the yield of the corn,in order to provide reference data for realizing the goals of high yield,high quality a nd high efficiency of corn planting.The main results for this study is listed as follow:(1)The delay of sowing date,the shortening of corn growth date,the acceleration of corn growth process.T1 treated corn has the longest growth date.T6 treated corn has the shortest growth date.The delay of sowing date makes the time of each growth date of corn decrease in turn,and proper early sowing can delay the growth process of corn.It ensures the accumulation of nutrients,and promotes the growth and development of corn plants,so as to increase the yield of corn.(2)The plant height and ear height of corn are increased with the delay of sowing date,and the lodging resistance of corn plants is decreased.The plant height and ear height of corn treated with T1 are the lowest,while the plant height and ear height of corn seeded with T6 are the highest.(3)As sowing date is delayed,grain protein content is decreased.T1 treatment content is the highest.Grain starch content is continuously increased.T6 treatment is the highest.Grain oil content is increased continuously.T6 treatment content is the highest.Grain crude fat,soluble protein,soluble sugar,and water content show the trend of first increase and then decrease.The content of T4 treatment is the highest.(4)Significant differences in corn yields at different sowing dates.The delay of sowing date will increase the ear tip length of corn.The ear length,ear diameter,row grain number,ear grain number and seed weight of corn is increased first and then decreased.The T4 treatment is the highest,and the corn yield is increased first and then decreased with the delay of sowing date.The highest T4 treatment yield of 2019 is 10216.55(kg/ha),and the lowest yield of T1 treatment is 8405.95(kg/ha).T4 treatment is increased by 21.54% compared with T1 treatment.T4 treatment is the optimum sowing date for corn.In summary,the sowing time shows a significant effects on the growth and development,yield and quality of the spring corn.According to the experimental data and analysis of the past two years in this study,planting at T4(May 4)is the recommended time,which is the most suitable time for spring corn sowing.