Effects Of Different Energy Sources And Glucose Tolerance On Reproductive And Lactating Performance Of Sow And Organ Development Of Piglets

This study was conducted to determine the effects of different energy sources and glucose tolerance on reproductive performance of sow and organ development of piglets.88(Landrace × Yorkshire)multiparous sows with similar parity and similar weight were randomly allotted into four treatments with 22 replicates per treatment and 1 sow per replicates in a 2(starch group and soybean oil group)×2(normal glucose tolerance group and glucose in-normal group)factorial experiment.The trial began at gestation 85 d and ended at lactation 21 d.Sows was limited feeding and have the same feed intake during pregnancy.And lactation feeding freely.These results indicate that: 1.Compared with NGT group,GIT group significantly reduced the number of stillbirth(P < 0.05)and shortened farrowing duration(P < 0.01).Compared with the soybean oil group,the starch group significantly increased the number of healthy piglets,shortened the labor process(P < 0.01),increased the birth weight of piglets,reduced the number of stillborn piglets,and reduced the within-litter variation(P < 0.05).2.Compared with soybean oil group,starch group significantly increased the proportion of piglets with a weight range of 1.4~1.8 kg at the normal glucose tolerance state(P < 0.05),while starch group significantly reduced the proportion of piglets with a weight range of 0.8~1kg(P < 0.05)and increased the proportion of piglets with a weight range of above 1.8 kg(P < 0.05)at the glucose intolerance state.3.Compared with GIT group,NGT group significantly increased the organ index of stomach of normal weight piglets(P < 0.01),and starch group significantly increased the organ index of heart of normal weight piglets compared with soybean oil group(P < 0.01).4.Compared with NGT group,GIT group significantly improved IUGR stomach and pancreatic organ index(P < 0.01).5.Compared with NGT group,GIT group significantly increased the jejunal villus height of IUGR piglets(P < 0.05),jejunal villus height of normal weight piglets(P < 0.05),and significantly reduced the jejunal villus height and crypt depth ratio of normal weight piglets(P < 0.01).Compared with soybean oil group Starch group significantly improve IUGR piglets of jejunum villus height(P < 0.01),jejunum villus height and crypt depth ratio(P < 0.05),back to the intestinal villus height improved significantly(P < 0.01),normal weight piglets jejunum villus height(P < 0.01),significantly lower jejunum villus height and crypt depth ratio(P < 0.05).6.Compared with GIT group,NGT group significantly increased enzyme activity of IUGR piglets’ ileal lactase,jejunal sucrase,and enzyme activity of normal weight piglets’ ileal lactase(P < 0.01),sucrase,and jejunal lactase(P < 0.05).Compared with soybean oil group,Starch group significantly improved enzyme activity of IUGR piglets’ ileum lactose(P < 0.05)and sucrase,the jejunum sucrase and enzyme activity of normal weight piglets’ ileum lactose enzyme and sucrase(P < 0.01),and maltase,jejunum lactose and maltase enzyme(P < 0.05)and sucrase(P < 0.01).7.Compared with soybean oil group,Starch group significantly decreased the HOMA-IR index(P < 0.05)and increased HOMA-IS index(P < 0.05).8.The litter weight of piglets at 21 d was significantly increased in the starch group compared with the soybean oil group(P = 0.05).9.GIT group significantly improved sows’ lactation ADFI in week 2(P < 0.01),week 3(P < 0.05)and lactation ADFI(P < 0.01)compared with NGT group.Compared with soybean oil group,starch group significantly increased sows’ lactation ADFI in week 2(P < 0.05),week 3(P < 0.01)and lactation ADFI(P < 0.01).10.Compared with the NGT group,GIT group significantly increased the total dry matter(P < 0.01),fat free dry matter,milk fat,milk protein in colostrum and total dry matter of milk(P < 0.05).Compared with soybean oil group,starch group significantly increased the dry matter(P < 0.01)and milk protein(P < 0.05)in colostrum,and decreased the total dry matter(P < 0.05)and milk fat(P < 0.01)in milk.In conclusion: Using starch as the energy source in the diet of sows in the third trimester can shorten the sows’ labor process and increase the number of healthy piglets.Moreover,it can increase the birth weight of piglets and improve the evenness of piglets.The growth of piglets was promoted by promoting intestinal development of piglets and improving milk composition of sows.The glucose tolerance status of the sows at 109 days of gestation was affected by glucose tolerance at 75 days and dietary energy sources.Starch is more suitable than soybean oil as a dietary energy source for sows in late pregnancy.