Effects Of Dietary Yeast Cultures Supplementation During Late Pregnancy And Lactation Stage On The Reproductive Performance Of Sows And Growth Performance Of Piglets

The health status of the sow during pregnancy directly affects its reproductive performance,especially its delivery performance.The health status of the sow during lactation directly affects the growth performance of the offspring,as well as the performance of the sow’s next estrus rate and breeding rate.Feed additives can effectively improve the performance of sows.Yeast culture is a new type of feed additive and has greater functions in fattening pigs,such as promoting animal feeding,improving feed utilization,and improving body immunity.In order to study the effect of yeast culture on lactating sows,this study investigated the effect of yeast culture supplemented in sows’ diets on sow’s reproductive performance and piglet’s growth performance,so as to provide more basis for the extensive use of yeast culture in sows’ production.In the experiment,100 sows with good body condition and 90 days’ gestation were selected.According to the principle of similar body weight,backfat and parity,they were randomly divided into two groups: control group(CON)and yeast group(YC).During the period from 90 days of gestation to delivery,the control group(CON)is fed with 3.2 kg of basic diet per day.The yeast group(YC)is supplemented with 26 g of yeast culture on the basis of daily diet.During lactation,the control group ingestion the basic diet and the yeast group added an additional 40 g of yeast culture.During the whole experiment,sows drank freely.The experiment started from 90 days of gestation to 21 days of lactation.During the experiment,all sows were kept in a single pen.During the experiment,recorded the production performance of the sows on delivery and the growth performance of the piglets during lactation.Determined the backfat thickness at the P2 point of all sows on the 90 th and 110 th gestation days and the day of delivery and the 21 st day of lactation to calculate the gestation fat deposition and loss of backfat during lactation.Collected ten sow’s milk samples on the day of sow delivery and day 21 of lactation,and collected sow’s anterior vena cava blood and fresh rectal stool samples on day 110 of gestation and day 21 of lactation.Serum biochemical indexes were determined by A full-automatic biochemical analyzer.An ELISA kit was used to determine hormone indexes.A rapid milk composition analyzer was used to determine milk routine indexes.The intestinal flora was determined by using 16 s r DNA biological sequencing technology.The concentration of SCFA in fecal medium was determined by liquid chromatography.The results showed that the addition of yeast culture to the sow diet significantly reduced the backfat loss of sows during lactation(P < 0.05),but did not affect the backfat deposition during sow pregnancy(P > 0.05).In terms of reproductive performance of sows: the total litter size,live litter size,litter weight,litter weight,live weight average weight,live litter weight,stillbirth rate,and mummy rate were not significantly different between the two groups(P > 0.05).Compared with CON group,the weaning weight of the YC group piglets increased significantly(P < 0.05),and the weaning litter weight has a increased trend(P = 0.09).In addition,compared with the CON group,the daily gain of the YC group piglets increased significantly(P < 0.05),and the litter gain has a increased trend(P = 0.09).Compared with the CON group,the sow’s feed intake of the YC group increased significantly and weaning estrus interval of the YC group shortened significantly(P < 0.05).In terms of milk composition,the level of colostrum lactose in the YC group tended to increase compared with the CON group(P = 0.09),while the non-fat milk solids in regular milk decreased significantly compared with the CON group(P < 0.05).The other milk components had no difference(P>0.05).In addition,compared with the CON group,the blood GLP-1 level of the YC group sows decreased at 110 days of gestation(P < 0.05).The serum cholesterol level had a tendency to decrease at 21 days of lactation(P = 0.09).On the level of SCFA in the feces,there was no difference between the two groups at110 days of gestation and 21 days of lactation(P > 0.05).Finally,compared with the CON group,the YC group sows had a lower abundance of Bacteroidetes(P < 0.05)and cyanobacteria(P = 0.09)at 110 days of gestation.With the CON group,YC group sows significantly increased abundance of beneficial bacteria Genus Prevotellaceae＿UCG-001(P < 0.05)and decreased abundance of harmful bacteria Genus Ruminiclostridium＿1(P <0.05).At 21 days of lactation,there was no difference in the composition of intestinal microflora between CON group and YC group(P > 0.05).In conclusion,feeding yeast culture in the late pregnancy and lactation of sows significantly increased the feed intake,improved the oestrus interval,and promoted the growth and development of piglets during lactation.Adding yeast culture to sow diets can also increase the abundance of intestinal beneficial bacteria and reduce the abundance of harmful bacteria.This indicates that the addition of yeast culture to the sow’s diet during late pregnancy and lactation improves the performance of the sow and improves intestinal health.