Design And Experiment Of Cam Top Plate Self-cleaning Fertilizer Apparatus

Simultaneous side deep fertilization of mechanized rice cultivation can effectively reduce the volatilization and loss caused by fertilizer application on the soil surface.It is a synergistic and cost-effective way of fertilizing,improving fertilizer utilization efficiency,and promoting the increase of rice yield.The fertilizer exhauster is one of the key components for achieving simultaneous deep fertilization in the mechanized cultivation of rice.It’s uniformity,stability and adaptability to different types of fertilizer directly affect the effect of deep fertilization.A large number of fertilizers with good fertilizer performance in deep fertilization operations in drylands in the north,such as outer groove wheel fertilizers,are affected by the high humidity climate conditions in the south.During the deep fertilization operations,the fertilizer performance is extremely poor.,Adhesion is very serious.Moisture absorption and blockage of fertilizer particles have become one of the bottlenecks that restrict the application and promotion of mechanized deep fertilization technology in southern rice regions.In view of the above problems,based on the agronomic requirements of deep fertilization in southern rice areas,based on the technology principle of real-time self-cleaning of cam roofs,a self-cleaning fertilizer ejector for cam roofs suitable for the application of moisture-absorbing granular fertilizers was developed.The application in southern rice areas has important practical significance to improve fertilizer utilization efficiency and reduce environmental pollution.The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:1)Measurement of physical and mechanical properties of granular fertilizersStanley compound fertilizer,Jinzhengda compound fertilizer,Jinzhengda nitro double-effect fertilizer and other typical compound fertilizers in southern rice regions were used as test materials.The triaxial size and particle size distribution,density,moisture content,and angle of repose of the three granular fertilizers were respectively tested.And other physical characteristics parameters,as well as mechanical characteristics such as dynamic friction coefficient,static friction coefficient,and collision recovery coefficient between granular fertilizers and different materials,are provided to determine the structure parameters of the fertilizer discharger and discrete element simulation analysis of the fertilizer discharge process.Basis and basic parameters.2)The overall design of the self-cleaning fertilizer exhauster on the cam roofBased on the working principle of the cam top plate structure and the clearing scraper to clean up the moisture-absorbing binder fertilizer,the working process of the fertilizer remover was analyzed,and the functional areas such as filling,transporting,removing,and clearing the fertilizer were reasonably configured,and a grooved cam was constructed.The polar coordinate equation of the contour trajectory,and the motion simulation of the fertilizer push plate and the groove cam in Solidworks.The simulation results show that the fertilizer push plate moves smoothly in the groove cam;the structure of the self-clearing fertilizer ejector of the cam top plate is completed.Designed,established the model of the amount of fertilizer discharged,determined the diameter of the fertilizer wheel D and the number of fertilizer tanks Z.3)Discrete Element Simulation Analysis of Fertilization ProcessThrough the establishment of a simulation model of the fertilizer discharger and a discrete element model of granular fertilizer,the fertilizer discharge process of the fertilizer discharger was simulated and analyzed in EDEM.The depth of the fertilizer tank,the rotation speed of the fertilizer discharge wheel and the forward speed were used as test factors.Orthogonal rotation combination design test.The simulation test results show that:when the depth of the fertilizer tank is constant,within the range of 10～50r/min,the speed of the fertilizer wheel has the most significant effect on the average amount of fertilizer and the coefficient of variation of the uniformity of the amount of fertilizer.The speed of the fertilizer wheel increases and increases;the forward speed of the implement has an effect on the coefficient of variation of the uniformity of the amount of fertilizer.When the depth of the fertilizer tank and the speed of the exhaust wheel are constant,the slower the forward speed of the implement,the smaller the uniformity coefficient of variation.The lower the efficiency of deep fertilization operation;the break rate of the self-cleaning fertilizer ejector on the cam roof is 0 in the simulation test.4)Working performance test of cam top plate self-cleaning fertilizer exhausterA test bench for fertilizer performance was built,using moisture-absorbing granular compound fertilizer as the test material,the speed of the fertilizer wheel and the moisture content of the fertilizer as the test factors,and the coefficient of variation of the fertilizer output stability as the evaluation index,and the self-cleaning of the cam roof was carried out Bench test of the fertilizer discharge performance of the type fertilizer distributor.The test results show that:under the condition of 10～50r/min,the self-cleaning fertilizer dispenser of the cam roof has a moisture absorption rate of 2%,4%,6%,and 8%for Stanley compound fertilizer,Jinzhengda compound fertilizer,Jinzhengda Nitro double-effect fertilizers all have good fertilizer stability,the coefficient of variation of the fertilizer quantity stability is less than 8.30%;the fertilizer quantity increases linearly with the increase of fertilizer time,the correlation coefficient R~2is greater than 0.998;The adaptability is significantly better than the outer trough wheel fertilizer dispenser.In this paper,based on the technical principle of real-time self-cleaning of the cam roof and the fertilizer scraper,a self-cleaning fertilizer distributor of the cam roof suitable for the precise discharge of moisture-absorbing granular fertilizer was developed.Application,improve fertilizer utilization efficiency,reduce environmental pollution,has important practical significance.